Tyson Mark D, Barocas Daniel A
Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Mayo Clinic Hospital, 5777 East Mayo Boulevard, Phoenix, AZ 85054, USA.
Department of Urologic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, A1302 Medical Center North, Nashville, TN 37203, USA.
Urol Clin North Am. 2018 May;45(2):249-256. doi: 10.1016/j.ucl.2017.12.008. Epub 2018 Feb 21.
Approximately 1 in 5 new cases of clinically localized bladder cancer is muscle invasive and requires the patient to choose from 1 of 2 prevailing options for treatment: radical cystectomy or radiation to the bladder. However, these treatments are associated with detrimental effects on patient well-being and quality of life, particularly with respect to functional independence, urinary and sexual function, social and emotional health, body image, and psychosocial stress. Compared with the literature on other malignancies like breast or prostate cancer, high-quality studies evaluating the effects of bladder cancer treatment on quality of life are lacking.
临床上局部性膀胱癌的新发病例中，约五分之一为肌肉浸润性，这就要求患者从两种主流治疗方案中选择其一：根治性膀胱切除术或膀胱放疗。然而，这些治疗会对患者的健康和生活质量产生不利影响，尤其是在功能独立性、泌尿和性功能、社会和情感健康、身体形象以及心理社会压力方面。与乳腺癌或前列腺癌等其他恶性肿瘤的文献相比，缺乏评估膀胱癌治疗对生活质量影响的高质量研究。
