Greenwood D
Department of Microbiology, University Hospital, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK.
J Antimicrob Chemother. 1988 Jan;21 Suppl A:1-13. doi: 10.1093/jac/21.suppl_a.1.
Teicoplanin is a glycopeptide antibiotic structurally related to vancomycin. Both agents achieve their effect by binding to acyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine in the bacterial cell wall. The spectrum of activity of teicoplanin, like that of vancomycin, is restricted to Gram-positive aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. However, the activity of the two agents is not identical: teicoplanin is generally more active than vancomycin against streptococci and Gram-positive anaerobes; the two agents exhibit similar activity against Staphylococcus aureus (including methicillin-resistant strains); and vancomycin is more active than teicoplanin against some strains of coagulase-negative staphylococci. Inoculum size influences the activity of teicoplanin, and variations in activity against some strains of coagulase-negative staphylococci have been observed with different culture media. Resistance to teicoplanin and vancomycin is difficult to induce under laboratory conditions and the small increment in resistance that may develop is lost when the organisms are subcultured in the absence of the drugs.
替考拉宁是一种糖肽类抗生素，其结构与万古霉素相关。这两种药物都是通过与细菌细胞壁中的酰基-D-丙氨酰-D-丙氨酸结合来发挥作用的。与万古霉素一样，替考拉宁的活性谱仅限于革兰氏阳性需氧菌和厌氧菌。然而，这两种药物的活性并不相同：替考拉宁对链球菌和革兰氏阳性厌氧菌的活性通常比万古霉素更强；这两种药物对金黄色葡萄球菌（包括耐甲氧西林菌株）表现出相似的活性；而万古霉素对一些凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌菌株的活性比替考拉宁更强。接种量会影响替考拉宁的活性，并且在不同培养基中观察到对一些凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌菌株的活性存在差异。在实验室条件下，很难诱导出对替考拉宁和万古霉素的耐药性，而且当在无药物的情况下对细菌进行传代培养时，可能产生的少量耐药性增加就会消失。
