自闭症谱系障碍患者照料者压力的心理生理测量：一项系统综述
Psychophysiological measures of stress in caregivers of individuals with autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review.
作者信息
Padden Ciara, Concialdi-McGlynn Carolina, Lydon Sinead
机构信息
a Tizard Centre , University of Kent , Canterbury , UK.
b School of Psychology , Trinity College Dublin , Dublin , Ireland.
出版信息
Dev Neurorehabil. 2019 Apr;22(3):149-163. doi: 10.1080/17518423.2018.1460769. Epub 2018 Apr 13.
PURPOSE
Parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often self-report heightened levels of stress and physical health problems. This paper reviewed studies assessing physiological measures of stress among parents of children with ASD.
METHODS
Systematic database searches identified 15 studies meeting inclusion criteria. Studies were reviewed to determine: (a) control group characteristics; (b) caregiver and care recipient characteristics; (c) setting; (d) physiological measures employed; (e) physiological outcomes; and (f) stressor type. A measure of methodological quality was also applied.
RESULTS
Salivary cortisol was the most common physiological measure employed. A pattern of blunted physiological activity emerged within the reviewed studies, though some studies reported normal or even higher physiological activity among this population.
CONCLUSIONS
Findings suggested dysfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal-axis and autonomic nervous system for some, but not all, parents of children with ASD. Further research is warranted.
目的
自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）患儿的父母经常自我报告压力水平升高和身体健康问题。本文回顾了评估ASD患儿父母压力的生理指标的研究。
方法
通过系统的数据库检索，确定了15项符合纳入标准的研究。对这些研究进行综述以确定：（a）对照组特征；（b）照料者和受照料者特征；（c）研究背景；（d）采用的生理指标；（e）生理结果；以及（f）压力源类型。还应用了一种方法学质量评估。
结果
唾液皮质醇是最常用的生理指标。在所综述的研究中出现了生理活动迟钝的模式，不过一些研究报告该人群中存在正常甚至更高的生理活动。
结论
研究结果表明，部分（而非全部）ASD患儿的父母存在下丘脑 - 垂体 - 肾上腺轴和自主神经系统功能障碍。有必要进行进一步研究。
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