Weber-Spickschen T S, Bischoff S, Horstmann H, Winkelmann M, Mommsen P, Panzica M, Krettek C, Kerling A
Sportmedizinisches Institut, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Deutschland.
Unfallchirurgische Klinik, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Deutschland.
Unfallchirurg. 2018 Jun;121(6):463-469. doi: 10.1007/s00113-018-0499-2.
The warm-up and injury prevention program FIFA 11+ was developed to reduce injuries in recreational and amateur level football. Despite systematic education it is uncertain what amount of knowledge is passed down to the lower recreational level football players and what exercises are implemented in the daily routine. This study presents the summarized experiences of German coaches about the implementation of exercises on the football pitch.
In this study 142 coaches who participated in 1 (of 5) of the 2‑day courses between 2013 and 2017 were sent a questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of 24 questions, which were developed by the football union of Lower Saxony. Incomplete questionnaires were excluded from the study.
A total of 121 questionnaires could be analyzed, which is a response rate of 85.2%. The mean time period between the 2‑day training and answering the questionnaire was 29 months. Of the participating coaches 82.6% indicated that they use the program regularly (22% of the coaches use it twice a week or more frequently, 34% use it only once a week) and 6% of the coaches use additional programs to prevent injuries. A total of 86% of the participants believed in a reduction in the incidence of injuries induced by the FIFA 11+ concept, 89% of the participants rated the FIFA 11+ program as good ors very good, 91% rated the teaching concept as good or very good and 94% of the participants would recommend the 2‑day advanced course to others.
The prevention program as well as the advanced training concept were evaluated very positively. Most coaches use the program regularly. Nevertheless, many coaches use the FIFA 11+ exercises less than the recommended twice a week. Most coaches praised the good structure of the program, but also wished for the possibility of variations.
The prevention program FIFA 11+ is seen by coaches in recreational and amateur football as an effective tool to prevent injury. Implementation on the football pitch is regular but not as frequent as the evidence-based recommendations in the training concept.
热身与预防损伤方案“国际足联11 +”旨在减少业余及娱乐级别足球运动中的损伤。尽管进行了系统培训，但尚不清楚有多少知识传授给了低级别娱乐足球运动员，以及日常训练中实施了哪些练习。本研究介绍了德国教练在足球场上实施练习的总结经验。
本研究向142名在2013年至2017年期间参加了为期2天课程（共5期课程中的1期）的教练发放了问卷。问卷由下萨克森州足球联盟编制，包含24个问题。不完整的问卷被排除在研究之外。
共分析了121份问卷，回复率为85.2%。从为期2天的培训到回答问卷的平均时间为29个月。参与调查的教练中，82.6%表示他们经常使用该方案（22%的教练每周使用两次或更频繁，34%的教练每周仅使用一次），6%的教练使用其他预防损伤方案。共有86%的参与者认为“国际足联11 +”理念能降低损伤发生率，89%的参与者对“国际足联11 +”方案评价为良好或非常好，91%的参与者对教学理念评价为良好或非常好，94%的参与者会向他人推荐这一为期2天的进阶课程。
预防方案和进阶培训理念得到了非常积极的评价。大多数教练经常使用该方案。然而，许多教练使用“国际足联11 +”练习的频率低于建议的每周两次。大多数教练称赞该方案结构良好，但也希望有变化的可能性。
在业余和娱乐足球领域，教练们认为预防方案“国际足联11 +”是预防损伤的有效工具。该方案在足球场上得到了常规实施，但频率不如训练理念中的循证建议那么高。
