Center of Clinical Laboratory, The Fifth People's Hospital of Wuxi, Affiliated to Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214016, China.
Wuxi Institute of Hepatology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Wuxi, Affiliated to Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214016, China.
Virol Sin. 2018 Jun;33(3):227-233. doi: 10.1007/s12250-018-0028-z. Epub 2018 Apr 13.
Little data is available on the evaluation of the occurrence rates of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in saliva and relationship with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) use in HIV/AIDS patients in China. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of EBV serological tests for HIV/AIDS patients who were treated in the hospitals for infectious diseases in Wuxi and Shanghai, China from May 2016 to April 2017. The EBV-seropositive samples were identified by ELISA. EBV-specific primers and probes were used for the quantitative detection of viral DNA from saliva via quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. CD4 cell counts of the HIV/AIDS patients were detected by a flow cytometry. A total of 372 HIV/AIDS patients were ultimately selected and categorized for this retrospective cohort study. For EBV IgG and IgM, the HIV/AIDS HAART use (H) and non-HAART use (NH) groups had significantly higher seropositive rates than the HIV-negative control group. The HIV/AIDS (NH) group had the highest seropositive rate (IgG, 94.27%; IgM, 68.98%) and the highest incidence of EBV reactivation or infection. For salivary EBV DNA-positive rates and quantities, the HIV/AIDS (H) (73.69%) and the HIV/AIDS (NH) (100%) groups showed significantly higher values than the HIV-negative control group (35.79%, > twofold). Further, the salivary EBV DNA-negative population had significantly higher CD4 cell counts than the EBV DNA-positive population in the HIV/AIDS (H) group and the HIV/AIDS (NH) groups. Thus, HAART use is beneficial in decreasing the EBV salivary shedding in HIV/AIDS patients and indirectly decreases EBV transmission risk.
在中国，关于艾滋病毒/艾滋病（HIV/AIDS）患者唾液中 EBV 发生率的评估及其与高效抗逆转录病毒治疗（HAART）的关系，数据较少。我们对 2016 年 5 月至 2017 年 4 月在中国无锡和上海传染病医院接受治疗的 HIV/AIDS 患者进行了 EBV 血清学检测的回顾性队列研究。采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）鉴定 EBV 阳性血清样本。采用 EBV 特异性引物和探针，通过实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应（PCR）对唾液中的病毒 DNA 进行定量检测。采用流式细胞术检测 HIV/AIDS 患者的 CD4 细胞计数。最终，共选择了 372 例 HIV/AIDS 患者进行回顾性队列研究。对于 EBV IgG 和 IgM，HAART 组（H）和非 HAART 组（NH）的 HIV/AIDS 患者的阳性率明显高于 HIV 阴性对照组。HIV/AIDS（NH）组的阳性率最高（IgG，94.27%；IgM，68.98%），且 EBV 再激活或感染的发生率最高。唾液 EBV DNA 阳性率和数量方面，HAART 组（H）（73.69%）和 HIV/AIDS（NH）组（100%）明显高于 HIV 阴性对照组（35.79%，高于两倍）。此外，HAART 组和 HIV/AIDS（NH）组 EBV DNA 阴性人群的 CD4 细胞计数明显高于 EBV DNA 阳性人群。因此，HAART 可减少 HIV/AIDS 患者唾液中的 EBV 脱落，间接降低 EBV 的传播风险。
