Heijtink R A, Breukers A A, den Hartigh G, Schepman R W, Schmitz P I, Schalm S W, Masurel N
Department of Virology, Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Vaccine. 1988 Feb;6(1):59-61. doi: 10.1016/0264-410x(88)90016-3.
Ninety-two patients and 28 staff members of an institute for mentally retarded patients were immunized intradermally with 2 microgram doses hepatitis B vaccine (HB-Vax), initially at month 0 and 1, and after evaluation followed by two booster injections at month 5 and 10, respectively. Blood samples were taken at months 2 and 11. Seroconversion rates of the two groups were similar on both occasions. Titre distributions for mentally retarded patients and staff members corrected for age, side effects and sex using multiple regression were significantly different at month 2 (p = 0.05) but not at month 11. Geometric mean titres for mentally retarded patients and staff members were 39 and 67 at month 2, respectively, and 1082 and 672 IU l-1 at month 11, respectively. Percentage anti-HBs/a(w) differed significantly between patients and staff members. Side effects, largely local (pigmentation), were observed with a frequency of about 35% in both mentally retarded patients and staff members. Since 92% of the mentally retarded patients had anti-HBs titres greater than 10 IU l-1 and approximately equal to 80% greater than 100 IU l-1, low dose vaccination, four injections by intradermal route, seems to be a suitable cost-reducing immunization system in institutes for mentally retarded patients.
一家智障患者机构的92名患者和28名工作人员接受了皮内注射2微克剂量的乙肝疫苗（HB-Vax），最初在第0个月和第1个月注射，评估后分别在第5个月和第10个月进行两次加强注射。在第2个月和第11个月采集血样。两组在这两个时间点的血清转化率相似。使用多元回归对年龄、副作用和性别进行校正后，智障患者和工作人员在第2个月的滴度分布有显著差异（p = 0.05），但在第11个月没有。智障患者和工作人员在第2个月的几何平均滴度分别为39和67，在第11个月分别为1082和672 IU l-1。患者和工作人员之间的抗-HBs/a(w)百分比有显著差异。副作用主要是局部的（色素沉着），在智障患者和工作人员中的发生率约为35%。由于92%的智障患者抗-HBs滴度大于10 IU l-1，约80%大于100 IU l-1，低剂量疫苗接种，通过皮内途径注射四次，似乎是智障患者机构中一种合适的降低成本的免疫接种系统。
