School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, China.
Chemosphere. 2018 Aug;204:140-147. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.04.002. Epub 2018 Apr 5.
Two quantitative methods (emission inventory and isotope ratio analysis) were combined to apportion source contributions of heavy metals entering agricultural soils in the Lihe River watershed (Taihu region, east China). Source apportionment based on the emission inventory method indicated that for Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn, the mean percentage input from atmospheric deposition was highest (62-85%), followed by irrigation (12-27%) and fertilization (1-14%). Thus, the heavy metals were derived mainly from industrial activities and traffic emissions. For Ni the combined percentage input from irrigation and fertilization was approximately 20% higher than that from atmospheric deposition, indicating that Ni was mainly derived from agricultural activities. Based on isotope ratio analysis, atmospheric deposition accounted for 57-93% of Pb entering soil, with the mean value of 69.3%, which indicates that this was the major source of Pb entering soil in the study area. The mean contributions of irrigation and fertilization to Pb pollution of soil ranged from 0% to 10%, indicating that they played only a marginally important role. Overall, the results obtained using the two methods were similar. This study provides a reliable approach for source apportionment of heavy metals entering agricultural soils in the study area, and clearly have potential application for future studies in other regions.
两种定量方法（排放清单和同位素比值分析）被结合起来，以分配进入太湖地区里河流域农业土壤的重金属的来源贡献。基于排放清单方法的源分配表明，对于 Cd、Cr、Cu、Pb 和 Zn，大气沉积的平均输入百分比最高（62-85%），其次是灌溉（12-27%）和施肥（1-14%）。因此，重金属主要来自工业活动和交通排放。对于 Ni，灌溉和施肥的综合输入百分比比大气沉积高约 20%，表明 Ni 主要来自农业活动。基于同位素比值分析，大气沉积占进入土壤的 Pb 的 57-93%，平均值为 69.3%，这表明这是研究区域中 Pb 进入土壤的主要来源。灌溉和施肥对土壤 Pb 污染的平均贡献从 0%到 10%不等，表明它们只起了微不足道的作用。总的来说，两种方法得到的结果是相似的。本研究为研究区域进入农业土壤的重金属的源分配提供了一种可靠的方法，并为未来在其他地区的研究提供了潜在的应用。
