Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Division of Ergonomics and Exercise Physiology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Poland.
Department of Physiology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Poland; Department of Geriatrics, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Poland.
Exp Gerontol. 2018 Jul 15;108:125-130. doi: 10.1016/j.exger.2018.04.009. Epub 2018 Apr 12.
Arterial stiffness (AS) is a reduction in the ability of large arteries to readily accommodate the increase in blood ejected from the heart during systole related with aging. Physical exercise is associated with AS reduction. However, it remains controversial as to which modality and intensity (resistance vs aerobic, high vs low) would be the most effective. The aim of these studies is to examine the effects of 3-months sitting callisthenic balance (SCB) and resistance exercise (RET) on aerobic capacity, aortic stiffness and body composition in older participants.
Aortic pulse wave velocity (PWVao), return time (RT), diastolic reflection area (DRA) and blood pressure (BP) level changes were measured with Arteriograph. Aerobic capacity was examined with 6-min walk test (6-MWT) and spiroergometry (VO2max). Body composition was analyzed by Bioelectric Impedance Analysis using Tanita.
Significant improvements of BP, PWVao, RT and DRA were observed in the SCB group (p = 0.018, p = 0.017 and p = 0.012, respectively). % of fat mass improved in RET and SCB group (p = 0.003, p = 0.012, respectively). Visceral fat significantly improved in SCB group (p = 0.03).
Despite no significant changes in indicators of aerobic capacity (VO2max and 6MWT result) in both groups, significant improvement in all measures of AS, except SBPao were observed in the SCB group, while no AS improvement in the RET group was noted. There were some differences in pattern of body compositions improvement between two groups.
动脉僵硬度（AS）是指大动脉在心脏收缩期射血时，顺应性降低，与衰老有关。体育锻炼与 AS 降低有关。然而，哪种方式和强度（阻力与有氧运动、高强度与低强度）最有效仍存在争议。这些研究旨在检查 3 个月坐姿健身平衡（SCB）和抗阻运动（RET）对老年参与者有氧能力、主动脉僵硬度和身体成分的影响。
使用 Arteriograph 测量主动脉脉搏波速度（PWVao）、返回时间（RT）、舒张反射面积（DRA）和血压（BP）水平的变化。用 6 分钟步行试验（6-MWT）和心肺运动试验（VO2max）检查有氧能力。采用 Tanita 生物电阻抗分析进行身体成分分析。
SCB 组的 BP、PWVao、RT 和 DRA 均有显著改善（p = 0.018、p = 0.017 和 p = 0.012）。RET 和 SCB 组的脂肪百分比均有改善（p = 0.003、p = 0.012）。SCB 组的内脏脂肪显著改善（p = 0.03）。
尽管两组的有氧能力指标（VO2max 和 6MWT 结果）均无显著变化，但 SCB 组的所有 AS 指标均有显著改善，除 SBPao 外，RET 组的 AS 无改善。两组身体成分改善模式存在一些差异。
