Henry Laura G, Brunson Katherine J, Walden Heather S, Wenzlow Nanny, Beachboard Sarah E, L Barr Kelli, Long Maureen T
Department of Comparative Diagnostic and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, 2015 SW 16th Avenue, Gainesville, FL 32610-0123, USA.
Echo Hollow Veterinary Hospital & Urgent Care, Eugene, OR 97402, USA.
Vet Parasitol. 2018 Apr 30;254:178-182. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2018.02.037. Epub 2018 Feb 25.
Patient-side test kits for detecting antigenemia in dogs associated with sexually mature female heartworms (Dirofilaria immitis) have been available for three decades, and these tests are continually updated and improved. To define the sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) of contemporary antigen detection tests against cardiopulmonary D. immitis burden, we evaluated five patient-side kits-Anigen Rapid One Step (Bio note), SNAP 4Dx Plus Test Kit (IDEXX), WITNESS Heartworm Canine Heartworm Antigen Test Kit (Zoetis), VetScan Canine Heartworm Rapid Test (Abaxis), and Solo Step CH Canine Heartworm Antigen Test (Heska), and one microplate ELISA (DiroCHEK; Zoetis), using archived canine sera divided into five subclasses of female worms (0, 1-5, 6-20, 21-40, and >40). The patient-side tests were performed once, side-by-side according to each manufacturer's protocol by personnel blinded to the D. immitis status of each dog. The overall Se and Sp of the patient-side kits was ≥97.5 and =94.0%, respectively. For samples from dogs with 1-5, 6-20, and 21-40 D. immitis, the Se was between 96 and 100%, with a slight increase in Se in dogs with ≥41 worms. The agreement between tests for all subclasses of D. immitis burden was between 99 and 100%. The Se and Sp for the ELISA compared with the necropsy results of dogs was 99 and 96%, respectively. Agreement between each patient-side test and the ELISA was between 97 and 100%. All commercially available tests can give practitioners excellent patient-side information, allowing them to make informed decisions on the need for additional diagnostic work-up before instituting new or continuing D. immitis prophylaxis.
用于检测与性成熟雌性犬心丝虫（犬恶丝虫）相关的犬抗原血症的患者端检测试剂盒已经上市三十年了，并且这些检测方法在不断更新和改进。为了确定当代抗原检测试验针对心肺犬恶丝虫负荷的敏感性（Se）和特异性（Sp），我们评估了五种患者端试剂盒——Anigen Rapid One Step（Bio note）、SNAP 4Dx Plus检测试剂盒（IDEXX）、WITNESS犬心丝虫犬心丝虫抗原检测试剂盒（Zoetis）、VetScan犬心丝虫快速检测（Abaxis）和Solo Step CH犬心丝虫抗原检测（Heska），以及一种微孔板ELISA（DiroCHEK；Zoetis），使用存档的犬血清，这些血清分为雌性虫体的五个亚类（0、1 - 5、6 - 20、21 - 40和>40）。患者端检测按照每个制造商的方案由对每只犬的犬恶丝虫状态不知情人员并排进行一次。患者端试剂盒的总体Se和Sp分别≥97.5%和=94.0%。对于来自有1 - 5条、6 - 20条和21 - 40条犬恶丝虫的犬的样本，Se在96%至100%之间，在有≥41条虫的犬中Se略有增加。所有犬恶丝虫负荷亚类检测之间的一致性在99%至100%之间。与犬尸检结果相比，ELISA的Se和Sp分别为99%和96%。每个患者端检测与ELISA之间的一致性在97%至100%之间。所有市售检测都能为从业者提供出色的患者端信息，使他们能够在开始新的或继续进行犬恶丝虫预防之前，就是否需要额外的诊断检查做出明智的决定。
