Petrusak Justin, Perry Tam E, Hassevoort Luke
School of Social Work, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA.
Common Ground, Royal Oak, Michigan, USA.
J Hum Behav Soc Environ. 2017;27(6):515-529. doi: 10.1080/10911359.2017.1292983. Epub 2017 Mar 9.
Within the landscape of postwar era Detroit, space is vast, but places are hard to find. As people tumble down the side of Maslow's pyramid into abject homelessness, they attempt to anchor themselves in locations that suspend the otherwise situational free fall. This article analyzes how time and space are perceived by people experiencing chronic homelessness and how those individual perceptions are informed by the urban environment. We conducted our community-based participatory research into the experiences of chronic homelessness both from perspectives of chronically homeless older adult men and from front-line service providers. Themes that emerged are as follows: (1) temporary permanence, (2) permanent temporariness, and (3) lostness. The article concludes with policy implications regarding the procedures for measuring the extent of homelessness and the needs of those who live it.
在战后底特律的景象中,空间广阔,但容身之所却难以寻觅。当人们沿着马斯洛的需求层次金字塔向下滑落至赤贫无家可归的境地时,他们试图在一些地方站稳脚跟,以摆脱原本随境而迁的自由落体状态。本文分析了长期无家可归者如何感知时间和空间,以及城市环境如何影响这些个体认知。我们从长期无家可归的老年男性和一线服务提供者两个视角,对长期无家可归者的经历开展了基于社区的参与式研究。出现的主题如下:(1)临时的 permanence,(2)永久的临时性,以及(3)迷失感。文章最后就衡量无家可归程度的程序以及无家可归者的需求提出了政策建议。 (注:这里“temporary permanence”直接保留英文未翻译,因为从语境看可能是个特定术语,或者原文有误,若按字面翻译不太能准确表达其在文中的含义,可根据实际情况调整。)