Department of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Bispebjerg-Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.
Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2018 Sep;28(9):2035-2041. doi: 10.1111/sms.13095. Epub 2018 May 3.
Patellar tendinopathy (tendon pain and dysfunction), or jumper's knee, is prevalent in adult jumping athletes. Pathology in the proximal patellar tendon is a key risk factor for developing patellar tendinopathy. When pathology develops in the proximal patellar tendon is not known, although it is reported to exist in adolescent athletes. The aim of this study was to follow young jumping athletes (ballet dancers) through adolescence to identify whether pathology develops and its relation to the adolescent growth spurt. Fifty-seven elite ballet students between ages 11 and 18 were monitored for 2 years. Data were collected every 6 months, including an ultrasound scan on their left tendons using ultrasound tissue characterization (UTC) to quantify intratendinous changes, anthropometric data to calculate peak height velocity (adolescent growth spurt), participant reports of any injuries or dance modifications, and a VISA-P and single leg decline squat for patellar tendon pain. Nine percentage of adolescent dancers developed pathology during this study, and development was not associated with growth spurt. Peak height velocity and dance participation/volume both at the start and throughout the study were similar in those who did develop pathology and those who did not. Only 2 of 5 participants who developed pathology reported pain associated with their tendon. Pathology in the proximal patellar tendon can develop during adolescence.
髌腱病（肌腱疼痛和功能障碍），又称跳跃者膝，在成年跳跃运动员中较为常见。髌腱近端的病理学改变是发生髌腱病的关键危险因素。虽然有报道称青少年运动员髌腱近端存在病理学改变，但目前尚不清楚其何时发生。本研究旨在通过对青少年跳跃运动员（芭蕾舞演员）进行随访，以确定髌腱近端是否会发生病理学改变及其与青少年生长突增的关系。对 57 名年龄在 11 至 18 岁之间的精英芭蕾舞学生进行了为期 2 年的监测。每 6 个月收集一次数据，包括使用超声组织特征（UTC）对其左侧肌腱进行超声扫描，以定量评估肌腱内变化，同时收集人体测量学数据以计算身高生长突增峰值（青少年生长突增）、参与者报告的任何损伤或舞蹈调整情况，以及 VISA-P 和单腿下蹲测试以评估髌腱疼痛。在这项研究中，有 9%的青少年舞者出现了病理学改变，但这种改变与生长突增无关。在研究开始时和整个研究过程中，出现病理学改变的参与者和未出现病理学改变的参与者的身高生长突增峰值和舞蹈参与/量都相似。只有 5 名出现病理学改变的参与者中有 2 名报告了与肌腱相关的疼痛。髌腱近端的病理学改变可能发生在青少年时期。
