MPOWER 措施、需求和挑战：世卫组织烟草控制框架公约在东地中海区域的执行趋势。

MPOWER, needs and challenges: trends in the implementation of the WHO FCTC in the Eastern Mediterranean Region.

机构信息

Tobacco Prevention & Control Research Center, National Research Institute of TB & Lung Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.

出版信息

East Mediterr Health J. 2018 Apr 5;24(1):63-71.

PMID:29658622

Abstract

BACKGROUND

WHO MPOWER aims to help countries prioritize tobacco control measures in line with the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control.

OBJECTIVES

This paper assessed the progress and challenges in implementing the 6 priority policies of MPOWER in countries of the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region since 2011.

METHODS

A checklist was developed and scores assigned based on the MPOWER indicators (maximum score 37). MPOWER data for the Region in the 2015 and 2017 tobacco control reports were extracted and scored. Data from similar analyses for 2011 and 2013 were also included. Countries were ranked by scores for each indicator for 2015 and 2017 and for overall scores for 2011 to 2017.

RESULTS

The Islamic Republic of Iran, Egypt and Pakistan had the highest scores in 2015 (33, 29 and 27 respectively) and the Islamic Republic of Iran, Pakistan and Yemen had the highest scores in 2017 (34, 31 and 27 respectively). The indicators with the highest and lowest combined score for all countries were for advertising bans and compliance with smoke-free policies: 67 and 18 respectively in 2015, and 73 and 15 respectively in 2017. Most countries (15/22) had higher total scores in 2017 than 2015: Afghanistan, Bahrain and Syrian Arab Republic had the greatest increases. The total score for the Region increased from 416 out of a maximum score of 814 in 2011 to 471 in 2017.

CONCLUSIONS

Although notable achievements have been made in the Region, many challenges to policy implementation remain and require urgent action by governments of the countries of the Region.

摘要

背景

世卫组织 MPOWER 旨在帮助各国根据《世卫组织烟草控制框架公约》优先考虑烟草控制措施。

目的

本文评估了 2011 年以来世卫组织东地中海区域国家实施 MPOWER 六项优先政策的进展和挑战。

方法

制定了一份检查表，并根据 MPOWER 指标（满分为 37 分）进行评分。从 2015 年和 2017 年的烟草控制报告中提取了该区域的 MPOWER 数据并进行了评分。还包括了类似分析的 2011 年和 2013 年的数据。根据 2015 年和 2017 年的每个指标以及 2011 年至 2017 年的总得分对各国进行了排名。

结果

伊朗伊斯兰共和国、埃及和巴基斯坦在 2015 年的得分最高（分别为 33、29 和 27），伊朗伊斯兰共和国、巴基斯坦和也门在 2017 年的得分最高（分别为 34、31 和 27）。所有国家的广告禁令和遵守无烟政策指标的综合得分最高和最低的分别为 67 和 18（2015 年）和 73 和 15（2017 年）。大多数国家（22 个中的 15 个）在 2017 年的总得分高于 2015 年：阿富汗、巴林和阿拉伯叙利亚共和国的增幅最大。该区域的总得分从 2011 年的 814 分满分中的 416 分增加到 2017 年的 471 分。