Heydari Gholamreza
Tobacco Prevention and Control Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Lung India. 2020 Mar-Apr;37(2):120-125. doi: 10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_388_19.
Perfect implementation of the six priority policies advocated by the MPOWER package is the most important challenge for member states (MS) to reach tobacco control goals.
A validated checklist set according to the WHO Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic was filled out five times based on biannual reports from 2011 to 2019 for 22 MS in the Eastern Mediterranean Region. It contained ten topics including smoking prevalence and seven elements of six MPOWER policies and compliances resulting with possible maximum score of 37. High score indicates better implementation.
The total score for the region increased from 416 in 2011 to 509 in 2019. Six countries (27% of the region) had more than 75% of total score, whereas 11 countries were between 50% and 75% and five countries had <50% of total score in 2019. In all five reports, Iran was ranked first in the region even in 2019, when it witnessed a 2 point decrease. Iran held the first place alongside with Pakistan and Saudi Arabia with 32 points. The highest score in the indicators was related to the monitoring, reaching from 35 in 2011 to 59 in 2019. The lowest score increase in the indicators was related to the Smoke-free Policy compliance and the prevalence of consumption, reaching from 18 to 20 and 44-48, respectively, between 2011 and 2019.
Although several remarkable achievements have been made regarding tobacco control goals, many policy implementation challenges remain and require urgent action by member states in the Eastern Mediterranean region.
完美实施MPOWER综合措施倡导的六项优先政策是成员国实现烟草控制目标面临的最重要挑战。
根据世界卫生组织《全球烟草流行报告》制定的经过验证的清单，基于2011年至2019年东地中海区域22个成员国的半年期报告填写了五次。它包含十个主题，包括吸烟率以及MPOWER六项政策的七个要素及合规情况，最高可得37分。高分表明实施情况更好。
该区域的总分从2011年的416分增至2019年的509分。2019年，六个国家（占该区域的27%）得分超过总分的75%，而11个国家得分在50%至75%之间，五个国家得分低于总分的50%。在所有五份报告中，伊朗在该区域均排名第一，即使在2019年其得分下降了2分。伊朗与巴基斯坦和沙特阿拉伯并列第一，得32分。指标中得分最高的是监测方面，从2011年的35分增至2019年的59分。指标中得分增长最低的是无烟政策合规情况和消费流行率，2011年至2019年间分别从18分增至20分以及从44分增至48分。
尽管在烟草控制目标方面已取得若干显著成就，但仍存在许多政策实施挑战，东地中海区域的成员国需要立即采取行动。
