Universidad Santiago de Cali, Faculty of Engineering, Specialization Program on Environmental Management and Sustainable Development, Calle 5 # 62-00, Cali 760035, Colombia.
Universidad del Valle, Carrera 31 Av. La Carbonera, Palmira, Colombia.
Sci Total Environ. 2018 Sep 1;634:1288-1299. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.03.359. Epub 2018 Apr 18.
Given that Land Use and Cover Changes (LUCC) and deforestation are activities with the highest anthropic intervention on ecosystems and increase the loss of biodiversity, this paper explores the LUCC and the main drivers of change in Andean mountains, taking a rural area located between the municipalities of Montenegro and Quimbaya (Quindío, Colombia) (1954-2009), as a case of study. Aerial photographs and geographic information systems (GIS) are used to create maps of LUCC, as well as a systemized search of information on LUCC and main drivers. The results showed that pastureland presented the largest area during all periods, occupying >60% of studied area, while the secondary and mixed forests had a contraction from 23% in 1954 to 9% in 2009. The change rates evidenced a greater affectation for the secondary forest that lost 86% of its initial area through deforestation and transformation processes, while crops gained 410% with respect to their initial area. As for the transition matrix, about 27.8% of the study area presented transformation from land use and cover into other land covers, 14.7% presented deforestation and loss of land cover in their initial area, and 57.5% remained unchanged. It is concluded that socio-economic factors such as livestock farming, agriculture and market prices have been an important driver in the modification of the landscape.
鉴于土地利用和覆盖变化（LUCC）以及森林砍伐是对生态系统进行人为干预最多的活动，并增加了生物多样性的丧失，本文探讨了安第斯山脉的 LUCC 及其变化的主要驱动因素，选择蒙托内罗和金比瓦之间的一个农村地区（昆迪纳马卡，哥伦比亚）（1954-2009 年）作为研究案例。使用航空照片和地理信息系统（GIS）制作 LUCC 地图，并对 LUCC 和主要驱动因素的信息进行系统搜索。结果表明，在所有时期，牧场都占据了最大的面积，占研究区域的>60%，而次生林和混合林的面积从 1954 年的 23%缩小到 2009 年的 9%。变化率表明次生林受到的影响更大，其初始面积的 86%通过森林砍伐和转化过程丧失，而作物的面积增加了 410%。就转移矩阵而言，研究区域约 27.8%的土地利用和覆盖发生了转变，14.7%的土地出现了森林砍伐和初始区域的土地覆盖丧失，57.5%的土地保持不变。结论是，牲畜养殖、农业和市场价格等社会经济因素是景观变化的重要驱动因素。
