Bakkar May M, Alzghoul Eman A, Haddad Mera F
Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Department of Allied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.
Clin Ophthalmol. 2018 Apr 3;12:631-637. doi: 10.2147/OPTH.S153754. eCollection 2018.
The aim of the study was to identify causes of visual impairment among patients attending a low vision clinic in the north of Jordan and to study the relevant demographic characteristics of these patients.
The retrospective study was conducted through a review of clinical records of 135 patients who attended a low vision clinic in Irbid. Clinical characteristics of the patients were collected, including age, gender, primary cause of low vision, best corrected visual acuity, and current prescribed low vision aids. Descriptive statistics analysis using numbers and percentages were calculated to summarize categorical and nominal data.
A total of 135 patients (61 [45.2%] females and 74 [54.8%] males) were recruited in the study. Mean age ± standard deviation for the study population was 24.53 ± 16.245 years; age range was 5-90 years. Of the study population, 26 patients (19.3%) had mild visual impairment, 61 patients (45.2%) had moderate visual impairment, 27 patients (20.0%) had severe visual impairment, and 21 patients (15.6%) were blind. The leading causes of visual impairment across all age groups were albinism (31.9%) and retinitis pigmentosa (RP) (18.5%). Albinism also accounted for the leading cause of visual impairment among the pediatric age group (0-15 years) while albinism, RP, and keratoconus were the primary causes of visual impairment for older patients. A total of 59 patients (43.7%) were given low vision aids either for near or distance. The only prescribed low vision aids for distances were telescopes. For near, spectacle-type low vision aid was the most commonly prescribed low vision aids.
Low vision services in Jordan are still very limited. A national strategy programme to increase awareness of low vision services should be implemented, and health care policies should be enforced to cover low vision aids through the national medical insurance.
本研究旨在确定约旦北部一家低视力诊所患者视力损害的原因，并研究这些患者的相关人口统计学特征。
本回顾性研究通过查阅135例在伊尔比德一家低视力诊所就诊患者的临床记录进行。收集患者的临床特征，包括年龄、性别、低视力的主要原因、最佳矫正视力以及当前所开的低视力辅助器具。使用数字和百分比进行描述性统计分析，以总结分类和名义数据。
本研究共纳入135例患者（女性61例[45.2%]，男性74例[54.8%]）。研究人群的平均年龄±标准差为24.53±16.245岁；年龄范围为5至90岁。在研究人群中，26例患者（19.3%）有轻度视力损害，61例患者（45.2%）有中度视力损害，27例患者（20.0%）有重度视力损害，21例患者（15.6%）失明。所有年龄组视力损害的主要原因是白化病（31.9%）和色素性视网膜炎（RP）（18.5%）。白化病也是儿童年龄组（0至15岁）视力损害的主要原因，而白化病、RP和圆锥角膜是老年患者视力损害 的主要原因。共有59例患者（43.7%）接受了近用或远用低视力辅助器具。唯一开的远用低视力辅助器具是望远镜。近用时，眼镜式低视力辅助器具是最常开具的低视力辅助器具。
约旦的低视力服务仍然非常有限。应实施一项提高对低视力服务认识的国家战略计划，并执行医疗保健政策，通过国家医疗保险覆盖低视力辅助器具。
