Department of Dermatology, Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota; Department of Dermatology, University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, Minnesota; University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
Department of Dermatology, Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota; University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
J Am Acad Dermatol. 2018 Oct;79(4):664-671. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2018.02.071. Epub 2018 Apr 14.
Nickel is a common allergen responsible for allergic contact dermatitis.
To characterize nickel sensitivity in children and compare pediatric cohorts (≤5, 6-12, and 13-18 years).
Retrospective, cross-sectional analysis of 1894 pediatric patients patch tested by the North American Contact Dermatitis Group from 1994 to 2014. We evaluated demographics, rates of reaction to nickel, strength of nickel reactions, and nickel allergy sources.
The frequency of nickel sensitivity was 23.7%. Children with nickel sensitivity were significantly less likely to be male (P < .0001; relative risk, 0.63; 95% confidence interval, 0.52-0.75) or have a history of allergic rhinitis (P = .0017; relative risk, 0.74; 95% confidence interval, 0.61-0.90) compared with those who were not nickel sensitive. In the nickel-sensitive cohort, the relative proportion of boys declined with age (44.8% for age ≤5, 36.6% for age 6-12, and 22.6% for age 13-18 years). The most common body site distribution for all age groups sensitive to nickel was scattered/generalized, indicating widespread dermatitis. Jewelry was the most common source associated with nickel sensitivity (36.4%).
As a cross-sectional study, no long-term follow-up was available.
Nickel sensitivity in children was common; the frequency was significantly higher in girls than in boys. Overall, sensitivity decreased with age. The most common source of nickel was jewelry.
镍是一种常见的过敏原，可导致过敏性接触性皮炎。
描述儿童对镍的敏感性，并对儿科队列（≤5 岁、6-12 岁和 13-18 岁）进行比较。
回顾性分析 1994 年至 2014 年间北美接触性皮炎组对 1894 名儿科患者进行斑贴试验的结果。我们评估了人口统计学特征、对镍的反应率、镍反应的强度以及镍过敏的来源。
镍敏感性的频率为 23.7%。对镍敏感的儿童男性的比例显著降低（P<0.0001；相对风险，0.63；95%置信区间，0.52-0.75），且患过敏性鼻炎的比例也降低（P=0.0017；相对风险，0.74；95%置信区间，0.61-0.90）。在镍敏感组中，男孩的相对比例随年龄增长而降低（≤5 岁组为 44.8%，6-12 岁组为 36.6%，13-18 岁组为 22.6%）。对镍敏感的所有年龄组中最常见的体区分布是散在/全身性，表明广泛性皮炎。首饰是与镍敏感性相关的最常见来源（36.4%）。
由于这是一项横断面研究，因此无法获得长期随访结果。
儿童对镍的敏感性很常见，女性的频率明显高于男性。总体而言，敏感性随年龄增长而降低。镍的最常见来源是首饰。
