Billard Thomas J
Annenberg School for Communication and Journalism, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
Front Psychol. 2018 Apr 3;9:387. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00387. eCollection 2018.
A series of three studies were conducted to generate, develop, and validate the Attitudes toward Transgender Men and Women (ATTMW) scale. In Study 1, 120 American adults responded to an open-ended questionnaire probing various dimensions of their perceptions of transgender individuals and identity. Qualitative thematic analysis generated 200 items based on their responses. In Study 2, 238 American adults completed a questionnaire consisting of the generated items. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) revealed two non-identical 12-item subscales (ATTM and ATTW) of the full 24-item scale. In Study 3, 150 undergraduate students completed a survey containing the ATTMW and a number of validity-testing variables. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) verified the single-factor structures of the ATTM and ATTW subscales, and the convergent, discriminant, predictive, and concurrent validities of the ATTMW were also established. Together, our results demonstrate that the ATTMW is a reliable and valid measure of attitudes toward transgender individuals.
开展了一系列三项研究，以编制、完善并验证“对跨性别男性和女性的态度”（ATTMW）量表。在研究1中，120名美国成年人回答了一份开放式问卷，该问卷探究了他们对跨性别者及其身份认知的各个维度。定性主题分析根据他们的回答生成了200个项目。在研究2中，238名美国成年人完成了一份由生成的项目组成的问卷。探索性因素分析（EFA）揭示了完整的24个项目量表中两个不同的12个项目的子量表（对跨性别男性的态度和对跨性别女性的态度）。在研究3中，150名本科生完成了一项包含ATTMW和一些效度测试变量的调查。验证性因素分析（CFA）验证了对跨性别男性的态度和对跨性别女性的态度子量表的单因素结构，并且还确立了ATTMW的聚合效度、区分效度、预测效度和同时效度。总体而言，我们的结果表明，ATTMW是一种可靠且有效的对跨性别者态度的测量工具。
