R-Mercier Alexandra, Masson Marjolaine, Bussières Eve-Line, Cellard Caroline
a Département de psychologie , Université Laval , Québec , QC , Canada.
b Département de psychologie , Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières , Trois-Rivières , QC , Canada.
Cogn Neuropsychiatry. 2018 May;23(3):180-197. doi: 10.1080/13546805.2018.1461617. Epub 2018 Apr 18.
Previous meta-analyses have shown a moderate negative impact of maltreatment on the neuropsychological functioning of people with or without psychiatric disorders compared to healthy groups. The objectives of the present meta-analysis were to (1) investigate the impact of maltreatment on neuropsychological functioning of people with psychiatric disorders and to (2) evaluate the moderating effect of age, at the time of the cognitive assessment, on neuropsychological functioning.
Seventeen studies published between 1970 and July 2017 were included.
The results showed a negative impact of maltreatment with a small effect size (g = -0.25) on the neuropsychological performances in the group with psychiatric disorders with a history of exposure to childhood maltreatment compared to the group with psychiatric disorders without a history of exposure to childhood maltreatment. Cognitive domains that are significantly affected by maltreatment are: working memory (g = -0.56), verbal episodic memory (g = -0.39), intelligence (g = -0.27) and processing speed (g = -0.21). The impact of childhood maltreatment on the cognitive profile is greater in adults than young people.
Clinicians should consider these common cognitive deficits using a transdiagnostic approach in cognitive interventions.
以往的荟萃分析表明，与健康组相比，虐待对患有或未患有精神疾病的人的神经心理功能有中度负面影响。本荟萃分析的目的是：（1）研究虐待对患有精神疾病的人的神经心理功能的影响；（2）评估认知评估时年龄对神经心理功能的调节作用。
纳入了1970年至2017年7月间发表的17项研究。
结果显示，与无童年虐待史的精神疾病组相比，有童年虐待史的精神疾病组中，虐待对神经心理表现有负面影响，效应量较小（g = -0.25）。受虐待显著影响的认知领域有：工作记忆（g = -0.56）、言语情景记忆（g = -0.39）、智力（g = -0.27）和处理速度（g = -0.21）。童年虐待对认知特征的影响在成年人中比在年轻人中更大。
临床医生在认知干预中应采用跨诊断方法考虑这些常见的认知缺陷。
