Rao Xiaolan, Dixon Richard A
BioDiscovery Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, United States.
BioEnergy Science Center, United States Department of Energy, Oak Ridge, TN, United States.
Front Plant Sci. 2018 Apr 4;9:399. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00399. eCollection 2018.
Secondary cell walls mediate many crucial biological processes in plants including mechanical support, water and nutrient transport and stress management. They also provide an abundant resource of renewable feed, fiber, and fuel. The grass family contains the most important food, forage, and biofuel crops. Understanding the regulatory mechanism of secondary wall formation in grasses is necessary for exploiting these plants for agriculture and industry. Previous research has established a detailed model of the secondary wall regulatory network in the dicot model species . Grasses, branching off from the dicot ancestor 140-150 million years ago, display distinct cell wall morphology and composition, suggesting potential for a different secondary wall regulation program from that established for dicots. Recently, combined application of molecular, genetic and bioinformatics approaches have revealed more transcription factors involved in secondary cell wall biosynthesis in grasses. Compared with the dicots, grasses exhibit a relatively conserved but nevertheless divergent transcriptional regulatory program to activate their secondary cell wall development and to coordinate secondary wall biosynthesis with other physiological processes.
次生细胞壁介导植物中的许多关键生物学过程，包括机械支撑、水分和养分运输以及胁迫管理。它们还提供了丰富的可再生饲料、纤维和燃料资源。禾本科包含最重要的粮食、饲料和生物燃料作物。了解禾本科植物次生壁形成的调控机制对于农业和工业开发这些植物至关重要。先前的研究已经建立了双子叶模式物种次生壁调控网络的详细模型。禾本科植物在1.4亿至1.5亿年前从双子叶植物祖先分化出来，表现出独特的细胞壁形态和组成，这表明其次生壁调控程序可能与双子叶植物不同。最近，分子、遗传和生物信息学方法的联合应用揭示了更多参与禾本科植物次生细胞壁生物合成的转录因子。与双子叶植物相比，禾本科植物表现出相对保守但仍有差异的转录调控程序，以激活其次生细胞壁发育，并协调次生壁生物合成与其他生理过程。
