Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Équipe de Recherche sur les Leptospiroses, USc 1233, Laboratoire des Leptospires, Établissement VetAgro Sup, Marcy l'Étoile, France.
Transbound Emerg Dis. 2018 Oct;65(5):1297-1306. doi: 10.1111/tbed.12879. Epub 2018 Apr 19.
Leptospirosis was first diagnosed in free-ranging Eurasian beavers (Castor fiber L.) in Switzerland in 2010. Pathologic, serologic, molecular and epidemiologic analyses were carried out on 13 animals submitted for necropsy from 2010 through 2014. Typical lesions included alveolar haemorrhages in the lungs, tubular degeneration and interstitial nephritis in the kidneys. Microscopic agglutination test results were positive for serogroups Icterohaemorrhagiae, Australis, Autumnalis and Sejroe. Molecular analysis identified four distinct profiles belonging to serovar Icterohaemorrhagiae or Copenhageni. The severity and features of the lesions were consistent with a fatal disease associated with leptospires similarly to what has been reported in other animals and humans. The spatiotemporal occurrence of leptospirosis in beavers suggested an upstream spread of the bacteria and coincided with an increased incidence of leptospirosis in dogs and a case cluster in humans. However, an epidemiologic link among beaver cases and among species was not supported neither by the serologic nor molecular data.
2010 年，瑞士首次在自由放养的欧亚河狸（Castor fiber L.）中诊断出钩端螺旋体病。对 2010 年至 2014 年提交剖检的 13 只动物进行了病理学、血清学、分子和流行病学分析。典型病变包括肺肺泡出血、肾小管变性和间质性肾炎。显微镜凝集试验结果对黄疸出血、澳大利亚、秋波和塞乔罗血清群呈阳性。分子分析确定了属于黄疸出血血清型或哥本哈根血清型的四个不同图谱。病变的严重程度和特征与一种与钩端螺旋体相关的致命疾病一致，与在其他动物和人类中报告的情况类似。河狸钩端螺旋体病的时空发生表明细菌在上游传播，并与狗中钩端螺旋体病发病率增加和人类病例群集相吻合。然而，血清学和分子数据均不支持河狸病例之间以及物种之间的流行病学联系。
