Hammond Michael D, Cribb Thomas H, Bott Nathan J
School of Science, & Centre for Environmental Sustainability and Remediation, RMIT University, PO Box 71, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia.
School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.
Parasitol Int. 2018 Aug;67(4):454-464. doi: 10.1016/j.parint.2018.04.004. Epub 2018 Apr 17.
We surveyed 30 individuals of Tylosurus gavialoides (Castelnau) (Belonidae) collected from Moreton Bay, Queensland, Australia, and describe three new species of Prosorhynchoides Dollfus, 1929 from them. The new species are morphologically distinct from existing Prosorhynchoides spp. and 28S and ITS-2 ribosomal DNA data further supports our morphological findings. We also conduct the first mitochondrial DNA analysis of species of Prosorhynchoides. The new species from T. gavialoides form a strongly supported clade on the basis of the two ribosomal markers, further supporting the emerging hypothesis that bucephaline clades are strongly associated with host groups. We have not observed any of the new species reported here in over 3500 surveyed individuals of other piscivorous fish in Australia, suggesting that these species are host-specific at least to belonids, if not to only T. gavialoides. Our findings support previous reports that suggest that belonids are exceptional hosts for bucephalids. We predict that further sampling of the numerous other belonid species present in Australian waters, for which nothing is known of the bucephalid fauna, will uncover further bucephalid richness.
我们调查了从澳大利亚昆士兰州莫顿湾采集的30条鳄形圆颌针鱼（Castelnau）（颌针鱼科），并从中描述了三种1929年多尔福斯所命名的新的原吻属物种。这些新物种在形态上与现有的原吻属物种不同，28S和ITS-2核糖体DNA数据进一步支持了我们的形态学发现。我们还对原吻属物种进行了首次线粒体DNA分析。基于这两个核糖体标记，来自鳄形圆颌针鱼的新物种形成了一个得到有力支持的分支，进一步支持了新出现的假说，即头带科分支与宿主群体密切相关。在澳大利亚超过3500条被调查的其他食鱼性鱼类个体中，我们没有观察到这里报道的任何新物种，这表明这些物种至少对头带科鱼类具有宿主特异性，如果不是仅对鳄形圆颌针鱼具有宿主特异性的话。我们的发现支持了之前的报告，即颌针鱼科是头带科的特殊宿主。我们预测，对澳大利亚水域中众多其他颌针鱼物种进行进一步采样，目前对头带科动物区系一无所知，将会发现更多的头带科物种。
