Department of Genetics and Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Federal District, Brazil.
Faculty of Ceilândia, University of Brasilia, Federal District, Brazil.
J Hazard Mater. 2018 Jul 5;353:173-181. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.04.019. Epub 2018 Apr 11.
The use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) result in an inevitable contact with aquatic environments. Here we study the behavior of AgNPs and the developmental toxicity in zebrafish embryos exposed to these nanoparticles (0-10 mg/L) with and without the presence of HA (20 mg/L), using zebrafish facility water (ZFW) and zebrafish growing media (ZGM). The presence of cations and HA gave rise to a decrease in Ag ion release and ζ-potential, an increase in the hydrodynamic diameter and oxidation of the AgNP surface. The results show that the presence of HA and cations in the media, as well as the silver speciation, i.e., the unusual presence of Ag, decreases the toxicity of AgNPs (LC50: 1.19 mg/L; LC50: 3.56 mg/L), as well as silver bioavailability and toxicity in zebrafish embryos. Developmental alterations and the LC50 (1.19 mg/L) of AgNPs in ZFW were more relevant (p ≤ 0.05) than for AgNPs in ZGM (LC50 ˃ 10 mg/L). It was demonstrated that the bioaccumulation and toxicity of AgNPs depends on several factors including AgNPs concentration, nanoparticle aggregation, dissolved silver ions, speciation of silver ions, the amount of salt in the environment, the presence of humic substances and others, and different combinations of all of these factors.
纳米银（AgNPs）的使用不可避免地会与水生环境接触。在这里，我们研究了 AgNPs 的行为以及在含有和不含有透明质酸（HA，20mg/L）的情况下，这些纳米粒子（0-10mg/L）对斑马鱼胚胎的发育毒性，使用斑马鱼养殖水（ZFW）和斑马鱼生长培养基（ZGM）。阳离子和 HA 的存在导致 Ag 离子释放和 ζ 电位降低、水动力直径增加和 AgNP 表面氧化。结果表明，介质中 HA 和阳离子的存在以及银的形态，即 Ag 的异常存在，降低了 AgNPs 的毒性（LC50：1.19mg/L；LC50：3.56mg/L），以及银在斑马鱼胚胎中的生物利用度和毒性。在 ZFW 中，AgNPs 的发育变化和 LC50（1.19mg/L）比在 ZGM 中更相关（p≤0.05）（LC50＞10mg/L）。结果表明，AgNPs 的生物积累和毒性取决于几个因素，包括 AgNPs 浓度、纳米颗粒聚集、溶解的银离子、银离子的形态、环境中盐的含量、腐殖质的存在以及所有这些因素的不同组合。
