Druss R G, Douglas C J
Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University College of Physicians, and Surgeons, New York, New York.
Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 1988 May;10(3):163-8. doi: 10.1016/0163-8343(88)90015-1.
The authors attempt to understand the nature and sources of "resilience" by a comparison of three individuals who showed unusual courage in the face of death, illness, and congenital disability. Various adaptive traits that enabled them to function effectively and remain optimistic are discussed. The authors specifically consider the role of "healthy" denial and argue that it does not fully explain or account for their singular optimism confronting adversity. The term "resilience" is proposed to describe both the particular cognitive style of "hardiness" and the "ego strength" that characterize such patients. Possible sources and origins of resilience are suggested. Finally, implications for the treatment of such patients are considered.
作者试图通过比较三位在面对死亡、疾病和先天性残疾时表现出非凡勇气的个体，来理解“复原力”的本质和来源。文中讨论了使他们能够有效发挥功能并保持乐观的各种适应性特质。作者特别考虑了“健康”否认的作用，并认为它并不能完全解释或说明他们在面对逆境时独特的乐观态度。文中提出了“复原力”这一术语，用以描述这类患者所特有的“坚韧”的认知风格和“自我力量”。文中还提出了复原力可能的来源和起源。最后，探讨了对这类患者治疗的启示。
