Webster A, Wilson A P, Treasure T, Grüneberg R N
Department of Clinical Microbiology, University College Hospital, London, England.
Int J Clin Pharmacol Res. 1988;8(2):95-8.
Teicoplanin, a recently introduced glycopeptide antibiotic, has been used, in combination with other antibiotics, to treat 31 episodes of septicaemia caused by Gram-positive organisms. Teicoplanin has double the activity of vancomycin against many Gram-positive bacteria, but allergic reactions and toxicity appear to be infrequent. A single daily dose is sufficient to maintain therapeutic levels, which is an advantage in conditions requiring long-term treatment. Of the 31 episodes treated, 16 were associated with infective endocarditis, 11 with Hickman catheter infection, two with bone and joint infection, and two with infection of other indwelling prosthetic devices. Staphylococcus epidermidis was isolated in 18 infections, of which seven treatment courses were unsuccessful. One death occurred from an uncontrolled infection, three deaths from underlying disease (one of which had relapsed twice), and one after withdrawal of treatment following febrile reaction. Eleven episodes were cured. Six episodes of Staphylococcus aureus septicaemia were treated, of which two failed to respond, two relapsed, one improved and one was cured. The remaining seven episodes were caused by streptococci (including Streptococcus faecalis), and in all of them cure was achieved despite the lack of consistent serum bactericidal activity in vitro.
替考拉宁是一种最近引入的糖肽类抗生素，已与其他抗生素联合用于治疗31例由革兰氏阳性菌引起的败血症。替考拉宁对许多革兰氏阳性菌的活性是万古霉素的两倍，但过敏反应和毒性似乎并不常见。每日单次剂量足以维持治疗水平，这在需要长期治疗的情况下是一个优势。在接受治疗的31例病例中，16例与感染性心内膜炎有关，11例与希克曼导管感染有关，2例与骨和关节感染有关，2例与其他留置假体装置感染有关。18例感染分离出表皮葡萄球菌，其中7个疗程治疗失败。1例死于无法控制的感染，3例死于基础疾病（其中1例复发两次），1例在发热反应后停药后死亡。11例治愈。治疗了6例金黄色葡萄球菌败血症，其中2例无反应，2例复发，1例好转，1例治愈。其余7例由链球菌（包括粪肠球菌）引起，尽管体外血清杀菌活性不一致，但所有病例均治愈。
