Campoli-Richards D M, Brogden R N, Faulds D
Adis Drug Information Services, Auckland, New Zealand.
Drugs. 1990 Sep;40(3):449-86. doi: 10.2165/00003495-199040030-00007.
Teicoplanin is a glycopeptide antibiotic with a molecular structure which is related to that of vancomycin. Gram-positive bacteria such as staphylococci (including methicillin-resistant strains), streptococci, enterococci and many anaerobic Gram-positive bacteria are susceptible to teicoplanin in vitro. Teicoplanin has an exceptionally long half-life, allowing once-daily intramuscular or intravenous administration. Teicoplanin is clinically and bacteriologically effective against a wide variety of Gram-positive infections such as septicaemia, endocarditis, skin and soft tissue infections and infections associated with venous catheters. The drug is equally efficacious against methicillin-resistant and -susceptible staphylococci. Adverse effects with teicoplanin are generally limited to local effects or hypersensitivity reactions. While teicoplanin has the potential for ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity, the incidence appears to be quite low when recommended serum concentrations are maintained. Teicoplanin is a valuable alternative to vancomycin, and providing controlled comparative studies prove equivalent safety and efficacy between the 2 glycopeptides the more easily administered teicoplanin should become the preferred antibacterial agent.
替考拉宁是一种糖肽类抗生素，其分子结构与万古霉素相关。葡萄球菌（包括耐甲氧西林菌株）、链球菌、肠球菌等革兰氏阳性菌以及许多革兰氏阳性厌氧菌在体外对替考拉宁敏感。替考拉宁半衰期极长，允许每日一次肌内或静脉给药。替考拉宁在临床上和细菌学上对多种革兰氏阳性感染有效，如败血症、心内膜炎、皮肤和软组织感染以及与静脉导管相关的感染。该药物对耐甲氧西林和甲氧西林敏感的葡萄球菌同样有效。替考拉宁的不良反应通常仅限于局部反应或过敏反应。虽然替考拉宁有耳毒性和肾毒性的潜在风险，但当维持推荐的血清浓度时，其发生率似乎相当低。替考拉宁是万古霉素的一种有价值的替代药物，并且如果对照比较研究证明这两种糖肽类药物具有同等的安全性和有效性，那么更易于给药的替考拉宁应该成为首选的抗菌药物。
