Liu Fan, Ni Liwei, Zhe Jiang
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, USA.
Biomicrofluidics. 2018 Apr 10;12(2):021501. doi: 10.1063/1.5022168. eCollection 2018 Mar.
Signal multiplexing is vital to develop lab-on-a-chip devices that can detect and quantify multiple cellular and molecular biomarkers with high throughput, short analysis time, and low cost. Electrical detection of biomarkers has been widely used in lab-on-a-chip devices because it requires less external equipment and simple signal processing and provides higher scalability. Various electrical multiplexing for lab-on-a-chip devices have been developed for comprehensive, high throughput, and rapid analysis of biomarkers. In this paper, we first briefly introduce the widely used electrochemical and electrical impedance sensing methods. Next, we focus on reviewing various electrical multiplexing techniques that had achieved certain successes on rapid cellular and molecular biomarker detection, including direct methods (spatial and time multiplexing), and emerging technologies (frequency, codes, particle-based multiplexing). Lastly, the future opportunities and challenges on electrical multiplexing techniques are also discussed.
信号复用对于开发能够以高通量、短分析时间和低成本检测和量化多种细胞和分子生物标志物的芯片实验室设备至关重要。生物标志物的电学检测已广泛应用于芯片实验室设备中，因为它需要的外部设备较少，信号处理简单，并且具有更高的可扩展性。为了对生物标志物进行全面、高通量和快速分析，已经开发了各种用于芯片实验室设备的电学复用方法。在本文中，我们首先简要介绍广泛使用的电化学和电阻抗传感方法。接下来，我们重点回顾在快速细胞和分子生物标志物检测方面取得一定成功的各种电学复用技术，包括直接方法（空间和时间复用）以及新兴技术（频率、编码、基于粒子的复用）。最后，还讨论了电学复用技术未来的机遇和挑战。
