Polack Cody W, Miller Ralph R
Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Binghamton.
J Exp Psychol Anim Learn Cogn. 2018 Apr;44(2):194-208. doi: 10.1037/xan0000166.
This series examines the associative basis of inhibitory perceptual learning. Four experiments demonstrate that inhibitory perceptual learning, like Pavlovian conditioned inhibition, is affected by manipulating the number of training trials. Specifically, many interspersed XB/AB training trials (in which letters represent initially neutral stimuli such as tones, clicks, and flashing lights) followed by A-US pairings caused X to act like a conditioned inhibitor (Experiment 1), which is presumed to suggest that an inhibitory association between conditioned stimuli X and A had been formed (i.e., inhibitory perceptual learning). Conversely, few XB/AB training trials followed by A-US pairings produced conditioned responding to X (Experiment 2), which suggests that an excitatory association between X and A had been formed. Additionally, associations with the common element, B, appear to play an inconsistent role across inhibitory and excitatory perceptual learning situations, as extinction of B attenuated excitatory (Experiment 3) but failed to have an influence after inhibitory (Experiment 4) pretraining. The viability of several different accounts of perceptual learning is discussed in light of these observations. (PsycINFO Database Record
本系列研究考察了抑制性知觉学习的关联基础。四项实验表明，抑制性知觉学习与巴甫洛夫条件性抑制一样，会受到训练次数操纵的影响。具体而言，许多穿插的XB/AB训练试验（其中字母代表最初的中性刺激，如音调、滴答声和闪烁灯光），随后进行A-US配对，导致X表现得像一个条件性抑制剂（实验1），这被认为表明在条件刺激X和A之间形成了抑制性关联（即抑制性知觉学习）。相反，很少的XB/AB训练试验后进行A-US配对会产生对X的条件反应（实验2），这表明在X和A之间形成了兴奋性关联。此外，与共同元素B的关联在抑制性和兴奋性知觉学习情境中似乎起着不一致的作用，因为B的消退减弱了兴奋性（实验3），但在抑制性（实验4）预训练后没有产生影响。根据这些观察结果，讨论了几种不同的知觉学习理论的可行性。（PsycINFO数据库记录）
