Reuland-Bosma W, van den Barselaar M T, van de Gevel J S, Leijh P C, de Vries-Huiges H, The H T
Department of Peridontology, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.
J Periodontol. 1988 Apr;59(4):249-53. doi: 10.1902/jop.1988.59.4.249.
In a child with Down's syndrome (DS) and her sibling, host immune responses were evaluated under experimental gingivitis conditions. The children live in the same environment under identical conditions. In the DS child an earlier and more extensive gingival inflammation than in her sibling had been observed. Investigation of nonspecific host defense mechanisms revealed identical results in both children for the phagocytosis and intracellular killing of Candida albicans by polymorphonuclear leukocytes in crevicular washings (CR-PMNs), in blood (PB-PMNs) and blood monocytes. Furthermore, CR- and PB-PMNs were able to secrete identical amounts of hydrogen peroxide upon stimulation. The chemotactic response of PB-PMNs in the DS child was impaired, however. The results of the studies performed on parameters of specific host defense mechanisms showed low blastogenic responses to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and pokeweed (PWM) by lymphocytes of the DS child as compared with her sibling. Also a lack of immune regulation leading to prolonged helper/inducer cell activation on a local (gingival) and circulation level and a less pronounced T-cell depression in PB were shown. Together, these differences observed in specific and nonspecific host response mechanisms may be responsible for the earlier and more extensive gingival inflammation found in the DS child.
在一名唐氏综合征（DS）患儿及其兄弟姐妹中，在实验性牙龈炎条件下评估了宿主免疫反应。这两个孩子在相同条件下生活在同一环境中。在DS患儿中，观察到其牙龈炎症比其兄弟姐妹出现得更早且更广泛。对非特异性宿主防御机制的研究表明，在龈沟冲洗液（CR-PMNs）、血液（PB-PMNs）和血液单核细胞中，两个孩子的多形核白细胞对白色念珠菌的吞噬作用和细胞内杀伤作用的结果相同。此外，CR-PMNs和PB-PMNs在受到刺激后能够分泌相同量的过氧化氢。然而，DS患儿中PB-PMNs的趋化反应受损。对特异性宿主防御机制参数进行的研究结果显示，与她的兄弟姐妹相比，DS患儿的淋巴细胞对植物血凝素（PHA）和商陆（PWM）的增殖反应较低。还发现缺乏免疫调节导致局部（牙龈）和循环水平上辅助/诱导细胞的激活时间延长，以及外周血中T细胞抑制作用不明显。总之，在特异性和非特异性宿主反应机制中观察到的这些差异可能是DS患儿牙龈炎症出现更早且更广泛的原因。
