Frances Dachin N, McCauley Shannon J
Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road, Mississauga, ON, L5L 1C6, Canada.
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3B2, Canada.
Oecologia. 2018 Jul;187(3):585-596. doi: 10.1007/s00442-018-4146-y. Epub 2018 Apr 24.
Warming due to climate change is expected to alter species interactions. These interactions are shaped by components of individual behavior, particularly foraging behaviors. However, few studies consider species' behavioral responses to warming to predict how species interactions will be affected by warming. We chose two complementary approaches to examine how climate warming may affect the behavior and interactions of aquatic intraguild predators. First, we measured behavioral responses to warming in six larval dragonfly species, expecting that feeding rate and activity would increase with temperature. Secondly, we conducted intraguild predation (IGP) trials with three species to understand how temperature affects IGP, and if species' behavioral responses to warming are indicative of the outcome of IGP interactions. Warming increased feeding rates by 42% on average across species but had no effect on activity rate. The magnitude of change in feeding rate was positively correlated with the maximum temperatures species experience across their ranges. Lastly, warming increased rates of IGP twofold, however, species' behavioral responses alone were not predictive of their susceptibility to become IG prey of other larvae at warmer temperatures. Our results provide evidence that IGP interactions may be greatly affected by future increases in temperature; however, activity responses to warming alone are weak predictors of the outcomes of these interactions. Future studies should consider other species' traits when forecasting the effects of climate change on species interactions.
气候变化导致的变暖预计会改变物种间的相互作用。这些相互作用受到个体行为组成部分的影响,尤其是觅食行为。然而,很少有研究考虑物种对变暖的行为反应,以预测物种间的相互作用将如何受到变暖的影响。我们选择了两种互补的方法来研究气候变暖如何影响水生同资源集团捕食者的行为和相互作用。首先,我们测量了六种蜻蜓幼虫对变暖的行为反应,预期摄食率和活动会随温度升高而增加。其次,我们对三个物种进行了同资源集团捕食(IGP)试验,以了解温度如何影响IGP,以及物种对变暖的行为反应是否表明IGP相互作用的结果。变暖使各物种的平均摄食率平均提高了42%,但对活动率没有影响。摄食率变化的幅度与物种在其分布范围内经历的最高温度呈正相关。最后,变暖使IGP的发生率增加了两倍,然而,仅物种的行为反应并不能预测它们在温暖温度下成为其他幼虫的IG猎物的易感性。我们的结果表明,IGP相互作用可能会受到未来温度升高的极大影响;然而,仅对变暖的活动反应是这些相互作用结果的弱预测指标。未来的研究在预测气候变化对物种相互作用的影响时应考虑其他物种的特征。