School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Canberra, Bruce, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia.
ACT Government Health Directorate, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia.
Obesity (Silver Spring). 2018 Jun;26(6):1072-1077. doi: 10.1002/oby.22174. Epub 2018 Apr 24.
In longitudinal studies, women gain significant amounts of weight during young adulthood, pointing to pregnancy as an important trigger for weight gain. Studies examining the effect of parity vary in their findings and are complicated by multiple potential confounders. This study examines the association between parity and long-term weight gain in a cohort of young women participating in the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health (ALSWH).
A sample of 8,009 parous and nulliparous women was drawn from this cohort and allocated to one of six parity groups (0-5+). Weight gain and factors associated with BMI ≥ 25 over a 16-year period were identified by using generalized linear equations.
Median BMI increased by between 2.95 and 4.9 units over 16 years, with women of parity 5 + showing the biggest gain. Associations between several variables and a BMI ≥ 25 (controlling for multiple demographic and behavioral factors) demonstrated no effect for parity but significant effects for survey year, no paid job, and depression. University education and high levels of physical activity were protective.
In this sample, parity was not associated with a BMI ≥ 25 over a 16-year period.
在纵向研究中，女性在青年期会显著增重，这表明怀孕是体重增加的一个重要诱因。研究生育次数对体重增加影响的各项研究结果存在差异，且受到多种潜在混杂因素的影响。本研究通过澳大利亚女性健康纵向研究（ALSWH）中的一个年轻女性队列，调查了生育次数与长期体重增加之间的关联。
从该队列中抽取了 8009 名生育过和未生育过的女性作为样本，并将其分配到六个生育次数组（0-5+）。通过广义线性方程，确定了在 16 年内体重增加与 BMI≥25 相关的因素。
中位数 BMI 在 16 年内增加了 2.95 至 4.9 个单位，生育次数为 5+的女性增加幅度最大。在控制了多个人口统计学和行为因素后，几个变量与 BMI≥25 之间的关联表明生育次数没有影响，但调查年份、无薪工作和抑郁有显著影响。接受过大学教育和高体力活动水平具有保护作用。
在本样本中，生育次数与 16 年内 BMI≥25 无关联。
