Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2018 Oct 1;13(9):1230-1236. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.2018-0125. Epub 2018 Oct 26.
In volleyball, teams win the majority of points through attacks (spikes), and therefore attack effectiveness (AE) is one of the most important predictors of victory. Traditionally, greater vertical jump heights (VJH) and higher spike speeds (SS) have been thought to increase AE; however, relevant research is limited. The authors' aim was to assess the relationship of VJH and SS with AE, as well as identifying possible associations of demographic and anthropometric factors, including common volleyball injuries, with VJH, SS, and AE.
A total of 22 male volleyball players from 2 teams in the top division of the Cypriot championship were included in the study. VJH was measured with the jump-and-reach test, SS was tested with a sports speed radar, and AE was calculated from performance reports of 4 matches between the 2 teams.
Statistically significant results included positive correlations between VJH and SS, percentage lean mass and SS, body-bone percentage and SS, frequency of volleyball practice and SS, and frequency of resistance training and SS. AE was found to increase with increasing age, while SS over 90 km·h appeared to have a negative effect on AE. History of pain in the dominant shoulder and in the ankles/knees was associated with lower SS and higher VJH, respectively.
Based on the findings and the existing literature, volleyball players and coaches are advised to focus on maximization of VJH and optimization of attack technique; recommendations to improve attack success are provided.
在排球比赛中，球队通过进攻（扣球）赢得大部分分数，因此进攻效率（AE）是决定胜负的最重要因素之一。传统上，人们认为更大的垂直跳跃高度（VJH）和更高的扣球速度（SS）可以提高 AE；然而，相关研究有限。作者的目的是评估 VJH 和 SS 与 AE 的关系，并确定人口统计学和人体测量因素（包括常见的排球损伤）与 VJH、SS 和 AE 的可能关联。
研究共纳入来自塞浦路斯锦标赛顶级联赛的 2 支球队的 22 名男性排球运动员。使用纵跳触高测试测量 VJH，使用运动速度雷达测试 SS，根据 2 支球队之间的 4 场比赛的表现报告计算 AE。
统计学上有显著结果的包括 VJH 和 SS、瘦体重百分比和 SS、体骨百分比和 SS、排球练习频率和 SS、以及阻力训练频率和 SS 之间的正相关关系。AE 随年龄增长而增加，而超过 90 km·h 的 SS 似乎对 AE 有负面影响。优势肩和脚踝/膝盖疼痛史与较低的 SS 和较高的 VJH 相关。
根据研究结果和现有文献，建议排球运动员和教练专注于最大化 VJH 和优化攻击技术；提供了提高攻击成功率的建议。
