Laboratory of Human Performance. Quality of Life and Wellness Research Group, Department of Physical Activity Sciences. Universidad de Los Lagos. Osorno, Chile.
Centro de Investigación en Fisiología del Ejercicio, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile.
J Sports Sci Med. 2020 Aug 13;19(3):489-499. eCollection 2020 Sep.
This meta-analysis aimed to assess the effects of plyometric jump training (PJT) on volleyball players' vertical jump height (VJH), comparing changes with those observed in a matched control group. A literature search in the databases of PubMed, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and SCOPUS was conducted. Only randomized-controlled trials and studies that included a pre-to-post intervention assessment of VJH were included. They involved only healthy volleyball players with no restrictions on age or sex. Data were independently extracted from the included studies by two authors. The Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale was used to assess the risk of bias, and methodological quality, of eligible studies included in the review. From 7,081 records, 14 studies were meta-analysed. A moderate Cohen's effect size (ES = 0.82, p <0.001) was observed for VJH, with moderate heterogeneity ( = 34.4%, p = 0.09) and no publication bias (Egger's test, p = 0.59). Analyses of moderator variables revealed no significant differences for PJT program duration (≤8 vs. >8 weeks, ES = 0.79 vs. 0.87, respectively), frequency (≤2 vs. >2 sessions/week, ES = 0.83 vs. 0.78, respectively), total number of sessions (≤16 vs. >16 sessions, ES = 0.73 vs. 0.92, respectively), sex (female vs. male, ES = 1.3 vs. 0.5, respectively), age (≥19 vs. <19 years of age, ES = 0.89 vs. 0.70, respectively), and volume (>2,000 vs. <2,000 jumps, ES = 0.76 vs. 0.79, respectively). In conclusion, PJT appears to be effective in inducing improvements in volleyball players' VJH. Improvements in VJH may be achieved by both male and female volleyball players, in different age groups, with programs of relatively low volume and frequency. Though PJT seems to be safe for volleyball players, it is recommended that an individualized approach, according to player position, is adopted with some players (e.g. libero) less prepared to sustain PJT loads.
本荟萃分析旨在评估增强式跳跃训练（PJT）对排球运动员垂直跳跃高度（VJH）的影响，并与对照组的变化进行比较。我们在 PubMed、MEDLINE、Web of Science 和 SCOPUS 数据库中进行了文献检索。仅纳入了有 VJH 干预前后评估的随机对照试验和研究。研究对象仅为无年龄和性别限制的健康排球运动员。两位作者独立从纳入的研究中提取数据。使用物理治疗证据数据库量表评估纳入综述的研究的偏倚风险和方法学质量。从 7081 条记录中，有 14 项研究进行了荟萃分析。VJH 的中等 Cohen 效应量（ES = 0.82，p <0.001），异质性中等（ = 34.4%，p = 0.09），无发表偏倚（Egger 检验，p = 0.59）。对 PJT 方案持续时间（≤8 周与>8 周，ES = 0.79 与 0.87）、频率（≤2 次/周与>2 次/周，ES = 0.83 与 0.78）、总训练次数（≤16 次与>16 次，ES = 0.73 与 0.92）、性别（女与男，ES = 1.3 与 0.5）、年龄（≥19 岁与<19 岁，ES = 0.89 与 0.70）和训练量（>2000 次与<2000 次，ES = 0.76 与 0.79）等调节变量进行分析，结果均无显著差异。总之，PJT 似乎可有效提高排球运动员的 VJH。不同年龄组、不同训练量和频率的男、女排球运动员都可能通过 PJT 获得 VJH 的改善。尽管 PJT 似乎对排球运动员是安全的，但建议根据运动员位置采取个体化的方法，一些球员（如自由人）对 PJT 负荷的适应能力较差。
