Czarnywojtek Agata, Borowska Magdalena, Sawicka-Gutaj Nadia, Woliński Kosma, Teresa Płazińska Maria, Florek Ewa, Ruchała Marek
Przegl Lek. 2016;73(10):781-6.
Cannabinoids are naturally occurring compounds, derivatives of Indian hemp, in which tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is the most important. Marijuana, hashish and hash oil are among those most commonly used in the group. Cannabinoids (marjhuana and hashish) have been used throughout recorded history as effective drugs in treating various diseases and conditions such as: malaria, hypertension, constipation, bronchial asthma, rheumatic pains, and as natural pain relief in labour and joint pains. Marijuana acts through cannabinoid receptors CB 1 and CB2. Both receptors inhibit cAMP accummulation (through Gi/o proteins) and stimulate mitrogen- activated protein kinase. CB1 rceptors are located in CNS and in adipose tissue, digestive tract, muscles, heart, lungs, liver, kidneys, gonads, prostate gland and other peripheral tissues. CB2 cannabinoid receptors are located in the peripheral nervous system (at the ends of peripheral nerves), and on the surfaces of the cells of the immunological system. The discovery of endogenous cannabinoids has contributed to a better understanding of their role in the regulation of the intake of food, energetic homeostasis and their significant influence on the endocrine system.
大麻素是天然存在的化合物，是印度大麻的衍生物，其中四氢大麻酚（THC）最为重要。大麻、哈希什和哈希油是该类中最常用的几种。大麻素（大麻和哈希什）在有记录的历史中一直被用作治疗各种疾病和病症的有效药物，如：疟疾、高血压、便秘、支气管哮喘、风湿性疼痛，以及作为分娩和关节疼痛的天然止痛剂。大麻通过大麻素受体CB1和CB2起作用。这两种受体均抑制环磷酸腺苷（cAMP）的积累（通过Gi/o蛋白）并刺激丝裂原活化蛋白激酶。CB1受体位于中枢神经系统以及脂肪组织、消化道、肌肉、心脏、肺、肝脏、肾脏、性腺、前列腺和其他外周组织中。CB2大麻素受体位于外周神经系统（在外周神经末梢）以及免疫系统细胞表面。内源性大麻素的发现有助于更好地理解它们在食物摄入调节、能量稳态中的作用以及它们对内分泌系统的重大影响。
