Institute of Polymer Science and Technology-ICTP-CSIC, C/Juan de la Cierva 3, Madrid, Spain.
CIBER-BNN, Health Institute Carlos III, C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Madrid, Spain.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2018;1058:327-355. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-76711-6_15.
Injectable hydrogels have demonstrated being a promising strategy for cartilage and bone tissue engineering applications, owing to their minimal invasive injection procedure, easy incorporation of cells and bioactive molecules, improved contact with the surrounding tissues and ability to match defects with complex irregular shapes, characteristics of osteoarthritic pathology. These unique properties make them highly suitable bioscaffolds for treating defects which are otherwise not easily accessible without and invasive surgical procedure. In this book chapter it has been summarized the novel appropriate injectable hydrogels for cartilage and bone tissue engineering applications of the last few years, including the most commonly used materials for the preparation, both natural and synthetic, and their fabrication techniques. The design of a suitable injectable hydrogel with an adequate gelation time that gathers perfect bioactive, biocompatible, biodegradable and good mechanical properties for clinical repair of damaged cartilage and bone tissue is a challenge of significant medical interest that remain to be achieved.
可注射水凝胶因其微创注射程序、易于掺入细胞和生物活性分子、与周围组织更好地接触以及能够与复杂不规则形状的缺陷匹配的特点，已被证明是软骨和骨组织工程应用的一种有前途的策略，这是骨关节炎病理的特征。这些独特的特性使它们非常适合作为生物支架，用于治疗那些如果不通过侵入性手术就不容易接触到的缺陷。在本章中，总结了近年来用于软骨和骨组织工程应用的新型合适的可注射水凝胶，包括最常用于制备的天然和合成材料，以及它们的制造技术。设计一种具有适当凝胶时间的合适的可注射水凝胶，该水凝胶具有完美的生物活性、生物相容性、可生物降解性和良好的机械性能，可用于临床修复受损的软骨和骨组织，这是一个具有重要医学意义的挑战，仍有待实现。
