Hussain Hafiz A, Hussain Saddam, Khaliq Abdul, Ashraf Umair, Anjum Shakeel A, Men Shengnan, Wang Longchang
Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Front Plant Sci. 2018 Apr 10;9:393. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00393. eCollection 2018.
Plants face a combination of different abiotic stresses under field conditions which are lethal to plant growth and production. Simultaneous occurrence of chilling and drought stresses in plants due to the drastic and rapid global climate changes, can alter the morphological, physiological and molecular responses. Both these stresses adversely affect the plant growth and yields due to physical damages, physiological and biochemical disruptions, and molecular changes. In general, the co-occurrence of chilling and drought combination is even worse for crop production rather than an individual stress condition. Plants attain various common and different physiological and molecular protective approaches for tolerance under chilling and drought stresses. Nevertheless, plant responses to a combination of chilling and drought stresses are unique from those to individual stress. In the present review, we summarized the recent evidence on plant responses to chilling and drought stresses on shared as well as unique basis and tried to find a common thread potentially underlying these responses. We addressed the possible cross talk between plant responses to these stresses and discussed the potential management strategies for regulating the mechanisms of plant tolerance to drought and/or chilling stresses. To date, various novel approaches have been tested in minimizing the negative effects of combine stresses. Despite of the main improvements there is still a big room for improvement in combination of drought and chilling tolerance. Thus, future researches particularly using biotechnological and molecular approaches should be carried out to develop genetically engineered plants with enhanced tolerance against these stress factors.
在田间条件下，植物面临多种不同的非生物胁迫，这些胁迫对植物生长和产量具有致命性。由于全球气候急剧且快速变化，植物同时遭受低温和干旱胁迫，这会改变植物的形态、生理和分子反应。这两种胁迫都会因物理损伤、生理和生化紊乱以及分子变化而对植物生长和产量产生不利影响。一般来说，低温和干旱共同出现对作物生产的影响比单一胁迫更为严重。植物在低温和干旱胁迫下会采取各种共同和不同的生理及分子保护策略来实现耐受性。然而，植物对低温和干旱复合胁迫的反应与对单一胁迫的反应不同。在本综述中，我们总结了植物对低温和干旱胁迫的共同及独特反应的最新证据，并试图找到这些反应潜在的共同线索。我们探讨了植物对这些胁迫反应之间可能存在的相互作用，并讨论了调节植物对干旱和/或低温胁迫耐受性机制的潜在管理策略。迄今为止，已经测试了各种新方法来尽量减少复合胁迫的负面影响。尽管有了主要的改进，但在干旱和低温耐受性的结合方面仍有很大的改进空间。因此，未来应开展特别利用生物技术和分子方法的研究，以培育对这些胁迫因素具有更强耐受性的基因工程植物。
