Neves Reizaluamar J, Diniz Rafael P, Oliveira Eder J DE
Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Ambientais e Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, Rua Rui Barbosa, 710, 44380-000 Cruz das Almas, BA, Brazil.
Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura, Rua da Embrapa, s/n, Caixa Postal 007, 44380-000 Cruz das Almas, BA, Brazil.
An Acad Bras Cienc. 2018 Apr-Jun;90(2):1733-1747. doi: 10.1590/0001-3765201820170867. Epub 2018 Apr 23.
New techniques of rapid multiplication of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) have been developed, requiring technical support for large-scale use. This work main to evaluate the agronomic performance of plantlets obtained by leaf buds technique against stem cuttings in the field conditions. The work was conducted using the randomized block design in a factorial scheme with 3 varieties (BRS Kiriris, 98150-06, 9624-09) × 4 origins of the plantlets (conventional - stem cuttings of 20 cm length, leaf buds of the upper, middle and inferior stem part) × 2 agrochemicals (control and treated). There was a remarkable decrease in some agronomic traits that ranged from 23% (number of branches) to 62% (shoot weight) when using leaf buds plantlets. The treatment of plantlets with agrochemicals promoted significant increases in all traits, ranging from 26% (number of roots per plant) to 46% (shoot weight). The plantlets originating from leaf buds of the upper and middle parts were able to generate stem-like plants similar to stem-derived ones. Despite its lower agronomic performance under field conditions, multiplication by leaf buds may generate five times the number of propagules in comparison with the conventional multiplication, and therefore it could be a viable alternative for rapid cassava multiplication.
木薯（Manihot esculenta Crantz）快速繁殖的新技术已经开发出来，但大规模应用需要技术支持。这项工作主要是在田间条件下评估通过叶芽技术获得的组培苗与茎段扦插苗的农艺性能。该研究采用随机区组设计，按析因试验方案进行，有3个品种（BRS Kiriris、98150 - 06、9624 - 09）× 4种组培苗来源（常规 - 20厘米长的茎段扦插、上部、中部和下部茎段的叶芽）× 2种农用化学品处理（对照和处理）。使用叶芽组培苗时，一些农艺性状显著下降，降幅从23%（分枝数）到62%（地上部重量）不等。用农用化学品处理组培苗促使所有性状显著增加，增幅从26%（单株根数）到46%（地上部重量）。来自上部和中部叶芽的组培苗能够产生与茎段来源相似的茎状植株。尽管在田间条件下其农艺性能较低，但与传统繁殖方式相比，叶芽繁殖产生的繁殖体数量可能是其五倍，因此它可能是木薯快速繁殖的一种可行替代方法。
