Lab of Action & Body, Department of Psychology, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, Surrey, UK; Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Autonomic Unit, National Hospital Neurology and Neurosurgery, UCL NHS Trust, London, UK.
Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, University College London, UK; Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, UK.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2018 Jul;90:174-183. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.04.017. Epub 2018 Apr 22.
The central and autonomic nervous systems can be defined by their anatomical, functional and neurochemical characteristics, but neither functions in isolation. For example, fundamental components of autonomically mediated homeostatic processes are afferent interoceptive signals reporting the internal state of the body and efferent signals acting on interoceptive feedback assimilated by the brain. Recent predictive coding (interoceptive inference) models formulate interoception in terms of embodied predictive processes that support emotion and selfhood. We propose interoception may serve as a way to investigate holistic nervous system function and dysfunction in disorders of brain, body and behaviour. We appeal to predictive coding and (active) interoceptive inference, to describe the homeostatic functions of the central and autonomic nervous systems. We do so by (i) reviewing the active inference formulation of interoceptive and autonomic function, (ii) survey clinical applications of this formulation and (iii) describe how it offers an integrative approach to human physiology; particularly, interactions between the central and peripheral nervous systems in health and disease.
中枢神经系统和自主神经系统可以根据其解剖学、功能和神经化学特征来定义，但两者都不是孤立运作的。例如，自主介导的体内平衡过程的基本组成部分是报告身体内部状态的传入内脏感觉信号和作用于被大脑同化的内脏感觉反馈的传出信号。最近的预测编码（内脏感觉推断）模型根据支持情绪和自我意识的具身预测过程来构建内脏感觉。我们提出，内脏感觉可能是一种用于研究脑、身体和行为障碍中整体神经系统功能和功能障碍的方法。我们呼吁使用预测编码和（主动）内脏感觉推断来描述中枢神经系统和自主神经系统的稳态功能。我们这样做是通过（i）回顾内脏感觉和自主功能的主动推断公式，（ii）调查该公式的临床应用，以及（iii）描述它如何为人类生理学提供一种综合方法；特别是在健康和疾病中，中枢神经系统和外周神经系统之间的相互作用。
