The Raymond G. Perelman Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA; The Perelman School of Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Cell Rep. 2018 Apr 24;23(4):1020-1033. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.03.117.
Huntington's disease (HD) is a dominantly inherited neurological disorder caused by CAG-repeat expansion in exon 1 of Huntingtin (HTT). But in addition to the neurological disease, mutant HTT (mHTT), which is ubiquitously expressed, impairs other organ systems. Indeed, epidemiological and animal model studies suggest higher incidence of and mortality from heart disease in HD. Here, we show that the protein complex mTORC1 is dysregulated in two HD mouse models through a mechanism that requires intrinsic mHTT expression. Moreover, restoring cardiac mTORC1 activity with constitutively active Rheb prevents mortality and relieves the mHTT-induced block to hypertrophic adaptation to cardiac stress. Finally, we show that chronic mTORC1 dysregulation is due in part to mislocalization of endogenous Rheb. These data provide insight into the increased cardiac-related mortality of HD patients, with cardiac mHTT expression inhibiting mTORC1 activity, limiting heart growth, and decreasing the heart's ability to compensate to chronic stress.
亨廷顿病(HD)是一种由亨廷顿(HTT)外显子 1 中的 CAG 重复扩展引起的显性遗传性神经退行性疾病。但除了神经疾病外,广泛表达的突变 HTT(mHTT)还会损害其他器官系统。事实上,流行病学和动物模型研究表明,HD 患者的心脏病发病率和死亡率更高。在这里,我们通过一种需要内在 mHTT 表达的机制表明,mTORC1 蛋白复合物在两种 HD 小鼠模型中失调。此外,用组成性激活的 Rheb 恢复心脏 mTORC1 活性可预防死亡率并缓解 mHTT 诱导的对心脏压力的肥厚适应障碍。最后,我们表明,慢性 mTORC1 失调部分是由于内源性 Rheb 的定位错误。这些数据深入了解了 HD 患者增加的与心脏相关的死亡率,心脏 mHTT 表达抑制 mTORC1 活性,限制心脏生长,并降低心脏对慢性压力的代偿能力。