Institute for Work & Health, 481 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 2E9, Canada.
Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
J Occup Rehabil. 2019 Mar;29(1):140-149. doi: 10.1007/s10926-018-9772-z.
Objective To examine the job accommodation and benefit needs of young adults with disabilities as they transition into employment, and their perceived barriers to meeting support needs. Methods An online survey was conducted of 155 Canadian young adults with disabilities (mean age = 25.8 years). Respondents were either employed or seeking employment, and were asked about their need for health benefits, and soft (e.g., flexible scheduling) and hard accommodations (e.g., ergonomic interventions), and perceived accommodation barriers. Disability characteristics (e.g., disability type), demographic details and work context information were collected. Multivariable logistic analyses were conducted to examine the factors associated with a greater need for health benefits and hard and soft accommodations. Result Participants reported having a physical (79%), psychological (79%) or cognitive/learning disability (77%); 68% had > 1 disability. Over half (55%) were employed. Health benefits and soft accommodations were most needed by participants. Also, an average of six perceived accommodation barriers were indicated; difficulty with disability disclosure was most frequently reported. More perceived accommodation barriers were associated with a greater need for health benefits (OR 1.17, 95% CI 1.04-1.31) and soft accommodations (OR 1.13, 95% CI 1.01-1.27). A psychological disability was a associated with a greater need for health benefits (OR 2.91, 95% CI 1.09-7.43) and soft accommodations (OR 3.83, 95% CI 1.41-10.42). Discussion Employers can support the employment of young adults with disabilities through provision of extended health benefits and soft accommodations. Addressing accommodation barriers could minimize unmet workplace need, and improve employment outcomes for young adults with disabilities as they begin their career and across the life course.
探讨残疾青年在就业过渡阶段的工作适应和福利需求，以及他们在满足支持需求方面面临的障碍。
对 155 名加拿大残疾青年（平均年龄 25.8 岁）进行了在线调查。受访者要么正在工作，要么正在寻找工作，他们被问及健康福利、软（如灵活的工作时间安排）和硬（如人体工程学干预）工作适应以及感知的适应障碍的需求。收集了残疾特征（如残疾类型）、人口统计细节和工作环境信息。采用多变量逻辑分析方法，考察与健康福利以及软、硬工作适应需求较高相关的因素。
参与者报告有身体（79%）、心理（79%）或认知/学习残疾（77%）；68%的人有> 1 种残疾。超过一半（55%）的人有工作。健康福利和软适应是参与者最需要的。此外，平均有 6 个感知的适应障碍被指出；残疾披露困难是最常报告的。更多的感知适应障碍与对健康福利（OR 1.17，95%CI 1.04-1.31）和软适应（OR 1.13，95%CI 1.01-1.27）的需求增加有关。心理残疾与对健康福利（OR 2.91，95%CI 1.09-7.43）和软适应（OR 3.83，95%CI 1.41-10.42）的需求增加有关。
雇主可以通过提供额外的健康福利和软适应来支持残疾青年的就业。解决适应障碍可以最大限度地减少工作场所未满足的需求，并改善残疾青年在职业生涯和整个生命周期开始时的就业结果。
