College of Medicine, University of the Philippines, Manila, Philippines.
University of the Philippines-Philippine General Hospital, Manila, Philippines.
Curr Obes Rep. 2018 Jun;7(2):105-111. doi: 10.1007/s13679-018-0312-0.
The purpose of this review is to summarize the current evidence on the prevention of excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) and reduction of postpartum weight retention (PPWR) by lifestyle intervention and pharmacotherapy.
Recent findings demonstrate that tailored nutrition counseling and adapting certain eating patterns, supervised exercise programs aiming at achieving at least moderate level of physical activity, and interactive and monitored behavior change interventions are effective in reducing excessive GWG and PPWR. Among the pharmacologic agents, Metformin has been shown to reduce GWG. Excessive GWG and PPWR are associated with adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. Recent evidence shows that weight during gestation and the postpartum period can be significantly reduced by more frequent nutrition counseling sessions on balanced diet focusing on healthier food choices and eating patterns, supervised moderate-intensity exercise for at least 30 min three times a week, and interactive behavior change interventions with regular feedback and follow-up. The benefits on weight are seen when these interventions are utilized together in a multimodality approach. Metformin is effective in preventing excessive GWG but has no impact on neonatal outcomes.
本文旨在总结生活方式干预和药物治疗预防孕期体重过度增加（GWG）和产后体重滞留（PPWR）的现有证据。
最近的研究结果表明，针对特定饮食模式的个体化营养咨询和调整、旨在达到至少中等水平体力活动的监督运动方案，以及互动式和监测性的行为改变干预措施，可有效减少 GWG 和 PPWR。在药物治疗方面，二甲双胍已被证明可减少 GWG。GWG 过度和 PPWR 与母婴不良结局相关。最近的证据表明，通过更频繁的营养咨询，重点关注更健康的食物选择和饮食模式，进行监督下的每周至少 3 次、每次 30 分钟以上的中等强度运动，以及定期反馈和随访的互动式行为改变干预措施，孕期和产后的体重可以显著降低。当这些干预措施以多模式方式联合使用时，体重的改善效果更明显。二甲双胍可有效预防 GWG 过度，但对新生儿结局无影响。
