Center for Behavioral Sciences, Liberty Mutual Research Institute for Safety.
Department of Medicine, UConn Health.
J Occup Health Psychol. 2019 Feb;24(1):66-91. doi: 10.1037/ocp0000113. Epub 2018 Apr 26.
Safety climate represents the meaningfulness of safety and how safety is valued in an organization. The contributions of safety climate to organizational safety have been well documented. There is a dearth of empirical research, however, on specific safety climate interventions and their effectiveness. The present study aims at examining the trend of safety climate interventions and offering compiled information for designing and implementing evidence-based safety climate interventions. Our literature search yielded 384 titles that were inspected by three examiners. Using a stepwise process that allowed for assessment of interobserver agreement, 19 full articles were selected and reviewed. Results showed that 10 out of the 19 articles (52.6%) were based on a quasi-experimental pre- and postintervention design, whereas 42.1% (n = 8) studies were based on a mixed-design approach (including both between- and within-subject design). All interventions in these 19 studies involved either safety-/health-related communication or education/training. Improvement of safety leadership was also a common component of safety climate interventions. According to the socio-technical systems classification of intervention strategies, all studies were categorized as interventions focusing on improving organizational and managerial structure as well as the personnel subsystem; four of them also aimed at improving technological aspects of work, and five of them aimed at improving the physical work subsystem. In general, a vast majority of the studies (89.5%, n = 17) showed a statistically significant improvement in safety climate across their organizations postintervention. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
安全氛围代表了组织中安全的意义和安全的重视程度。安全氛围对组织安全的贡献已得到充分证明。然而，关于具体的安全氛围干预措施及其效果的实证研究却很少。本研究旨在考察安全氛围干预措施的趋势，并为设计和实施基于证据的安全氛围干预措施提供综合信息。我们的文献检索产生了 384 个标题，由三名审查员进行了检查。通过允许评估观察者间一致性的逐步过程，选择并审查了 19 篇全文文章。结果表明，19 篇文章中有 10 篇（52.6%）基于准实验前后干预设计，而 42.1%（n=8）的研究基于混合设计方法（包括组间和组内设计）。这些 19 项研究中的所有干预措施都涉及安全/健康相关的沟通或教育/培训。改善安全领导力也是安全氛围干预措施的常见组成部分。根据干预策略的社会技术系统分类，所有研究都被归类为旨在改善组织和管理结构以及人员子系统的干预措施；其中四项还旨在改善工作的技术方面，五项旨在改善物理工作子系统。总的来说，绝大多数研究（89.5%，n=17）表明，其组织在干预后安全氛围在统计学上有显著改善。（PsycINFO 数据库记录（c）2019 APA，保留所有权利）。
