School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Center for Social Research in Health, Arts and Social Sciences, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Sci Rep. 2018 Apr 26;8(1):6615. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-25038-y.
The number of poly-drug users who mix use heroin and synthetic drugs (SD) is increasing worldwide. The objective of this study is to measure the risk factors for being infected with hepatitis C (HCV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and syphilis among SD-only users, heroin-only users and poly-drug users. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2015 from a national HIV surveillance site in Southwest China, 447 poly-drug, 526 SD-only and 318 heroin-only users were recruited. Poly-drug users have higher drug-use frequency, higher rates of drug-sharing and unsafe sexual acts than other users (p < 0.05). About a third (36.7%) of poly-drug users experienced sexual arousal due to drug effects, which is higher than the rate among other drug users. Poly-drug users had the highest prevalence of HIV (10.5%) and syphilis (3.6%), but heroin-only users had the highest prevalence of HCV (66.0%) (all p < 0.05) among three groups. Logistic regression shows among poly-drug users, having sex following drug consumption and using drugs ≥1/day were the major risk factors for both HIV (Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.4, 95% CI [1.8-3.4]; 2.3, [1.6-3.1]) and syphilis infection (AOR = 4.1, [2.1-6.9]; 3.9, [1.8-5.4]). Elevated risk of both HIV and syphilis infection have been established among poly-drug users.
全球范围内，同时使用海洛因和合成毒品（SD）的多药使用者人数正在增加。本研究旨在测量 SD 单一使用者、海洛因单一使用者和多药使用者中感染丙型肝炎（HCV）、人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）和梅毒的风险因素。2015 年，在中国西南部的一个全国性 HIV 监测点进行了一项横断面研究，共招募了 447 名多药使用者、526 名 SD 单一使用者和 318 名海洛因单一使用者。多药使用者的用药频率更高，共用毒品和不安全性行为的比例也高于其他使用者（p<0.05）。约三分之一（36.7%）的多药使用者因药物作用而产生性冲动，高于其他药物使用者的比例。多药使用者的 HIV（10.5%）和梅毒（3.6%）感染率最高，但海洛因单一使用者的 HCV（66.0%）感染率最高（均 p<0.05）。多药使用者中，吸毒后发生性行为和每天使用毒品≥1 次是感染 HIV（调整优势比（AOR）=2.4，95%可信区间[1.8-3.4]；2.3，[1.6-3.1]）和梅毒感染（AOR=4.1，[2.1-6.9]；3.9，[1.8-5.4]）的主要危险因素。多药使用者中已确定 HIV 和梅毒感染的风险增加。
