Department of General Surgery, University of Witten/Herdecke, HELIOS Hospitals Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany.
Department of Space Physiology, Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Linder Höhe, 51147, Cologne, Germany.
Clin Auton Res. 2018 Jun;28(3):325-332. doi: 10.1007/s10286-018-0527-x. Epub 2018 Apr 26.
Since manned missions to the Moon and Mars are planned, we conducted active standing tests with lunar, Martian, terrestrial, and 1.8 loads of inertial resistance (+G) modeled through defined parabolic flight maneuvers. We hypothesized that the cardiovascular response to active standing is proportional to the +G load.
During partial-+G parabolic flights, 14 healthy test subjects performed active stand-up maneuvers under 1 +G, lunar (0.16 +G), Martian (0.38 +G), and hyper inertial resistance (1.8 +G) while heart rate and finger blood pressure were continuously monitored. We quantified amplitudes and timing of orthostatic response immediately following standing up.
The maximum early heart rate increase was 21 (SD ± 10) bpm with lunar, 23 (± 11) bpm with Martian, 34 (± 17) bpm with terrestrial +G, and 40 (± 11) bpm hyper +G. The time to maximum heart rate increased gradually with increasing loads of inertial resistance. The transient blood pressure reduction was most pronounced with hyper +G but did not differ significantly between lunar and Martian +G. The mean arterial pressure nadir was reached significantly later with Martian and lunar compared to 1 +G. Paradoxically, the time for blood pressure to recover was shortest with terrestrial +G.
While load of inertial resistance directly affects the magnitude of the transient blood pressure reduction and heart rate response to active standing, blood pressure stabilization is most rapidly attained during terrestrial +G. The observation might suggest that the human cardiovascular system is tuned to cope with orthostatic stress on earth.
由于计划进行载人登月和火星任务，我们通过定义的抛物线飞行机动模拟进行了主动站立测试，包括月球、火星、地球和 1.8 倍惯性阻力（+G）。我们假设主动站立的心血管反应与+G 负荷成正比。
在部分+G 抛物线飞行中，14 名健康的测试对象在 1+G、月球（0.16+G）、火星（0.38+G）和超惯性阻力（1.8+G）下进行主动站立动作，同时连续监测心率和手指血压。我们量化了站立后立即出现的体位反应的幅度和时间。
最大早期心率增加分别为月球 21（SD±10）bpm、火星 23（±11）bpm、地球+G 34（±17）bpm 和超+G 40（±11）bpm。最大心率达到时间随着惯性阻力负荷的增加而逐渐增加。超+G 时血压下降最为明显，但与月球和火星+G 时无显著差异。与 1+G 相比，平均动脉压最低点在火星和月球上达到的时间明显延迟。矛盾的是，血压恢复时间在地球+G 时最短。
虽然惯性阻力负荷直接影响到主动站立时瞬态血压下降和心率反应的幅度，但在地球+G 时血压的稳定最快达到。这一观察结果可能表明，人体心血管系统已经适应了地球的直立应激。
