School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China.
Institute of Water Sciences, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
Chemosphere. 2018 Aug;205:506-513. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.04.105. Epub 2018 Apr 23.
Bisphenol F (BPF) has been increasingly introduced into industrial applications as a replacement for bisphenol A (BPA), and has emerged as a ubiquitous environmental contaminant worldwide. Few studies have assessed the in vivo toxicities of BPF, particularly long-term exposure toxicities. In the present study, we examined whether long-term BPF exposure in vivo would evoke oxidative stress in the immune system of juvenile common carp. The results suggested that BPF exposure increased ROS content, oxidative stress indices, complement component 3, and immunoglobulin M contents, as well as the expression of inflammatory cytokine genes. Moreover, higher levels of nf-κb p65 gene expression were correlated with the induced ROS content and NF-κB pathway-associated genes, a strong indication that the mode of action of BPF is related to the NF-κB signaling pathway. We also provide evidence that the effects of BPF are comparable to those of BPA with regards to regulation of the immune response in teleosts, and therefore suggest that such chemical analogs should be thoroughly evaluated for their potential toxicity before they can be considered as "safer" replacements.
双酚 F（BPF）作为双酚 A（BPA）的替代品，已越来越多地应用于工业领域，并且已成为全球普遍存在的环境污染物。目前，很少有研究评估 BPF 的体内毒性，特别是长期暴露毒性。在本研究中，我们研究了体内长期 BPF 暴露是否会引起幼鲤免疫系统的氧化应激。结果表明，BPF 暴露会增加 ROS 含量、氧化应激指标、补体成分 3 和免疫球蛋白 M 含量，以及炎症细胞因子基因的表达。此外，较高水平的 NF-κB p65 基因表达与诱导的 ROS 含量和 NF-κB 途径相关基因相关，这强烈表明 BPF 的作用模式与 NF-κB 信号通路有关。我们还提供了证据表明，BPF 对鱼类免疫反应的调节作用与 BPA 相当，因此建议在考虑将此类化学类似物作为“更安全”的替代品之前，应对其潜在毒性进行全面评估。
