Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza Str., 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2018 Jul;25(19):18717-18727. doi: 10.1007/s11356-018-2049-4. Epub 2018 Apr 29.
The aim of this study was to assess the toxicological potential of binary drug mixtures and individual drugs under different pH conditions with different inorganic ion additions on the germination of Sorghum bicolor (sorgo) seeds. To assess whether the given drug mixtures were more phytotoxic than the individual compounds, concentration addition (CA) and independent action (IA) approaches were applied to estimate the predicted phytotoxicity values, followed by calculations of the MDR (model deviation factor) to determine the deviation from the predicted values. Binary mixtures of chloramphenicol with ketoprofen, diclofenac sodium, and oxytetracycline hydrochloride proved to be synergistic. The pH changes had the largest impact on the phytotoxicity of the diclofenac sodium and ketoprofen solutions, elevating their toxicity toward S. bicolor, and the co-presence of inorganic ions was shown to have an impact on ketoprofen, chloramphenicol, and oxytetracycline hydrochloride. Most of the interactions between sorgo plants and pharmaceuticals with added ions were antagonistic in nature, particularly those calculated using the IA model, with a few cases (one case for ketoprofen and chloramphenicol, two cases for oxytetracycline hydrochloride, and four cases for diclofenac sodium) of overestimation.
本研究旨在评估不同 pH 值条件下，添加不同无机离子时，二元药物混合物和单一药物对高粱种子萌发的毒理学潜力。为了评估给定的药物混合物是否比单一化合物更具有植物毒性，应用浓度加和（CA）和独立作用（IA）方法来估计预测的植物毒性值，随后计算 MDR（模型偏差因子）以确定与预测值的偏差。氯霉素与酮洛芬、双氯芬酸钠和盐酸土霉素的二元混合物表现出协同作用。pH 值变化对双氯芬酸钠和酮洛芬溶液的植物毒性影响最大，提高了它们对高粱的毒性，而无机离子的共存对酮洛芬、氯霉素和盐酸土霉素有影响。添加离子后，高粱植物与药物之间的大多数相互作用本质上是拮抗的，特别是使用 IA 模型计算的相互作用，只有少数情况（酮洛芬和氯霉素各 1 例，盐酸土霉素 2 例，双氯芬酸钠 4 例）出现高估。
