Grundl S, Kranz J, Rosellen J, Steffens C, Steffens J
Klinik für Urologie und Kinderurologie, St. Antonius-Hospital, Akademisches Lehrkrankenhaus der RWTH Aachen, Dechant-Deckers-Straße 8, 52249, Eschweiler, Deutschland.
Angewandte Psychologie, IB Hochschule Köln, Köln, Deutschland.
Urologe A. 2018 Oct;57(10):1222-1229. doi: 10.1007/s00120-018-0649-8.
Early detection examinations take place from birth to the age of 6 years. The youth screening is a continuation of the screening of the "U-series" and should be carried out between the age of 12-15 and 16-17, respectively. Afterwards adolescent girls have good contact with a gynecologist, but adolescent boys usually do not have a medical contact person who they can trust in.
To evaluate the state of knowledge on boys' health, a 15-item comprehensive knowledge survey was conducted among ninth grade students at 7 secondary schools (Gymnasien) in North Rhine-Westphalia. The knowledge survey took place at three specified times (before, immediately after and approximately 3 months after adolescent sexual education classes). Only completed questionnaires were analyzed and evaluated in a gender-specific manner.
Overall, 459 students participated from March-September 2017. Before sexual education instruction, about half of all questions were answered correctly by the students. Immediately after class, the proportion increased by a factor of 1.5 to a total of 79.24%. Then 2-3 months after the class, the percentage was 69.67%. Considering gender separately, this resulted in an increase of 15.32% for the female students and 16.99% for the male students.
The knowledge survey reveals a need to catch up on facts on the subject of boys' health. Despite evidence of an increase in knowledge of both sexes after sexual education instruction, there is a gender gap. Hence, a preventive check-up especially for boys should be established and offered. Issues such as the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases, options for vaccination against human papillomavirus, etc. should be actively addressed.
早期检测检查在出生至6岁期间进行。青少年筛查是“U系列”筛查的延续，应分别在12至15岁和16至17岁之间进行。此后，青春期女孩与妇科医生保持良好联系，但青春期男孩通常没有可以信赖的医疗联系人。
为评估男孩健康知识状况，对北莱茵-威斯特法伦州7所中学九年级学生进行了一项包含15个项目的综合知识调查。知识调查在三个特定时间进行（青春期性教育课程前、课程结束后立即进行以及课程结束后约3个月）。仅对完整问卷进行分析并按性别进行评估。
总体而言，2017年3月至9月共有459名学生参与。在性教育指导前，学生们大约答对了所有问题的一半。课程结束后立即进行测试，这一比例提高了1.5倍，达到79.24%。然后在课程结束后2至3个月，这一比例为69.67%。按性别分别考虑，女生的知识增长比例为15.32%，男生为16.99%。
知识调查显示在男孩健康主题方面存在知识欠缺的情况。尽管有证据表明性教育指导后男女两性的知识都有所增加，但仍存在性别差距。因此，应建立并提供专门针对男孩的预防性检查。应积极解决诸如预防性传播疾病、人乳头瘤病毒疫苗接种选择等问题。
