Deo Priya Nimish, Deshmukh Revati
Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Dental College and Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
J Oral Maxillofac Pathol. 2018 Jan-Apr;22(1):86-91. doi: 10.4103/jomfp.JOMFP_195_16.
Cytoskeleton of a cell is made up of microfilaments, microtubules and intermediate filaments. Keratins are diverse proteins. These intermediate filaments maintain the structural integrity of the keratinocytes. The word keratin covers these intermediate filament-forming proteins within the keratinocytes. They are expressed in a specific pattern and according to the stage of cellular differentiation. They always occur in pairs. Mutations in the genes which regulate the expression of keratin proteins are associated with a number of disorders which show defects in both skin and mucosa. In addition, there are a number of disorders which are seen because of abnormal keratinization. These keratins and keratin-associated proteins have become important markers in diagnostic pathology. This review article discusses the classification, structure, functions, the stains used for the demonstration of keratin and associated pathology. The review describes the physiology of keratinization, pathology behind abnormal keratin formation and various keratin disorders.
细胞骨架由微丝、微管和中间丝组成。角蛋白是多种蛋白质。这些中间丝维持角质形成细胞的结构完整性。角蛋白一词涵盖角质形成细胞内这些形成中间丝的蛋白质。它们以特定模式表达，并根据细胞分化阶段而变化。它们总是成对出现。调节角蛋白表达的基因突变与许多在皮肤和黏膜中均表现出缺陷的疾病相关。此外，由于异常角化还会出现许多疾病。这些角蛋白和角蛋白相关蛋白已成为诊断病理学中的重要标志物。这篇综述文章讨论了角蛋白的分类、结构、功能、用于显示角蛋白的染色方法及相关病理学。该综述描述了角化的生理学、异常角蛋白形成背后的病理学以及各种角蛋白疾病。
