Holzman Jacob B, Burt Nicole M, Edwards Erin S, Rosinski Leanna D, Bridgett David J
Northern Illinois University.
Infancy. 2018 May-Jun;23(3):471-480. doi: 10.1111/infa.12223. Epub 2017 Oct 26.
Temperament by parenting interactions may reflect that individuals with greater risk are more likely to experience negative outcomes in adverse contexts (diathesis-stress) or that these individuals are more susceptible to contextual influences in a 'for better or for worse' pattern (differential susceptibility). Although such interactions have been identified for a variety of child outcomes, prior research has not examined approach characteristics - excitement and approach toward pleasurable activities - in the first year of life. Therefore, the current study investigated whether 6-month maternal reported infant negative affect - a phenotypic marker of risk/susceptibility - interacted with 8-month observed parenting behaviors (positive parenting, negative parenting) to predict 12-month infant behavioral approach. Based a sample of mothers and their infants (=150), results indicated that negative parenting was inversely associated with subsequent approach for infants with high, but not low, levels of early negative affect. Similar results did not occur regarding positive parenting. These findings better fit a diathesis-stress model rather than a differential susceptibility model. Implications and limitations of these findings are discussed.
气质与养育互动之间的关系可能反映出，风险较高的个体在不利环境中更有可能经历负面结果（素质-应激模型），或者这些个体更容易受到环境影响，呈现出“无论好坏”的模式（差异易感性模型）。尽管已经针对多种儿童结局确定了此类互动，但先前的研究尚未考察婴儿出生第一年的趋近特征——兴奋感以及对愉悦活动的趋近。因此，本研究调查了6个月大时母亲报告的婴儿消极情绪（一种风险/易感性的表型标记）是否与8个月大时观察到的养育行为（积极养育、消极养育）相互作用，以预测12个月大时婴儿的行为趋近。基于150对母婴样本，结果表明，消极养育与早期消极情绪水平高而非低的婴儿随后的趋近行为呈负相关。积极养育方面未出现类似结果。这些发现更符合素质-应激模型而非差异易感性模型。本文讨论了这些发现的意义和局限性。
