Department of Environmental Engineering, Izmir Institute of Technology, Gulbahce, Urla, 35430, Izmir, Turkey.
Department of Energy System Engineering, Izmir Institute of Technology, Gulbahce, Urla, 35430, Izmir, Turkey.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2018 Jul;25(20):19753-19766. doi: 10.1007/s11356-018-2004-4. Epub 2018 May 8.
Development of new wind energy projects require complex planning process involving many social, technical, economic, environmental, political concerns, and different agents such as investors, utilities, governmental agencies, or social groups. The aim of this study is to develop a tool combining Geographic Information System (GIS) and Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) methodologies, and its application for Turkey as a case study. A variety of constraints and criteria were identified based on a literature review and regulations gathered from variety of agencies, use of which resulted in determination of infeasible sites. Then, pairwise comparisons were carried out using analytic hierarchy process as the MCDM method to estimate relative importance of the criteria, and to visualize a suitability map with three classes. As the final stage, decision making was carried out based on environmental impact where 45.5% of the Turkish territory was found as infeasible area. Sixty percent of the remaining area are covered by the moderate suitability class, followed by the highly suitable area (20.3%) and low suitable area (19.8%). The output of this study can be used by energy planners to estimate the extent that wind energy can be developed based on public perception, administrative, and environmental aspects.
开发新的风能项目需要涉及许多社会、技术、经济、环境和政治问题的复杂规划过程，以及投资者、公用事业公司、政府机构或社会团体等不同的利益相关者。本研究的目的是开发一种结合地理信息系统（GIS）和多准则决策分析（MCDM）方法的工具，并将其应用于土耳其作为案例研究。根据文献综述和从各种机构收集的法规，确定了各种限制因素和标准，使用这些标准导致确定了不可行的地点。然后，使用层次分析法（AHP）作为 MCDM 方法进行了成对比较，以估计标准的相对重要性，并通过三个类别可视化适合性地图。在最后阶段，根据环境影响进行决策，发现土耳其 45.5%的领土为不可行区域。剩余区域的 60%属于中等适宜区域，其次是高度适宜区域（20.3%）和低度适宜区域（19.8%）。本研究的结果可用于能源规划者根据公众意见、行政和环境方面评估风能的开发程度。
