[1988年至2016年墨西哥五岁以下儿童营养不良趋势：五项全国性调查分析]

[Trends of malnutrition in Mexican children under five years from 1988 to 2016: Analysis of five national surveys].

作者信息

Cuevas-Nasu Lucía, Shamah-Levy Teresa, Hernández-Cordero Sonia L, González-Castell L Dinorah, Méndez Gómez-Humarán Ignacio, Ávila-Arcos Marco A, Rivera-Dommarco Juan A

机构信息

Centro de Investigación en Nutrición y Salud, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Cuernavaca, Morelos, México.

Centro de Investigación en Matemáticas A.C. Unidad Aguascalientes. Aguascalientes, México.

出版信息

Salud Publica Mex. 2018 May-Jun;60(3):283-290. doi: 10.21149/8846.

DOI:10.21149/8846

PMID:29746745

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To study the magnitude, distribution and trends of undernutrition and overweight in Mexican children un¬der five years between 1988 and 2016.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Underweight, wasting, stunting and overweight prevalences were calculated, at national, regional and rural/ urban locality levels in children under five years from the 1988, 1999, 2006, 2012 and 2016 national probabilistic surveys.

RESULTS

Currently 3.9% suffer underweight, 1.9% wasting and 10% stunting. There was an decrease in stunting from 1988 to 2016 (26.9 vs 10.0%), in rural (43.1 vs 12.6%) and urban (22.5 vs 9.1%) localities and in South (38.6 vs 13.4%), Center (29.2 vs 8.4%) and Mexico City (13.6 vs 4.7%). In the North region the decrease was smaller (13.3 vs 11.4%). Overweight diminished from 9.7% to 5.8, mainly between 2012-2016.

CONCLUSIONS

Stunting has continued its decline in Mexico, but high prevalences persist in some vulnerable groups. Overweight had an unexpected decline between 2012-2016.

摘要

目的

研究1988年至2016年间墨西哥5岁以下儿童营养不良和超重的程度、分布及趋势。

材料与方法

根据1988年、1999年、2006年、2012年和2016年全国概率调查，计算全国、区域以及农村/城市地区5岁以下儿童的体重不足、消瘦、发育迟缓及超重患病率。

结果

目前，3.9%的儿童体重不足，1.9%的儿童消瘦，10%的儿童发育迟缓。1988年至2016年期间，发育迟缓率有所下降（从26.9%降至10.0%），农村地区（从43.1%降至12.6%）和城市地区（从22.5%降至9.1%）以及南部（从38.6%降至13.4%）、中部（从29.2%降至8.4%）和墨西哥城（从13.6%降至4.7%）均如此。北部地区的降幅较小（从13.3%降至11.4%）。超重率从9.7%降至5.8%，主要发生在2012年至2016年期间。